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Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
Was a criollo, remembered as the father of the movement that pushed Mexico towards independence. -
Symbol of the cause
Hidalgo gained further support for the rebellion by choosing the Virgin of Guadalupe as a symbol for the cause. -
Agustín de Iturbide
One of the people ordered to hunt down Morelos was Agustin de Iturbide. He had fought against the rebels on the side of the Spanish king. Iturbide got removed from his command because he was a cruel leader. -
Grito de Dolores
Father Hidalgo rang the town’s church bells to call the people to mass. As the people assembled, he gave the Grito de Dolores. This speech started the conflict that eventually freed Mexico form Spain. -
José María Morelos y Pavón
He replaced Hidalgo as the leader of the revolution. Morelos was a mestizo. Morelos was a brilliant military. -
Hidalgo’s death
Hidalgo, was captured and found guilty of reason. He was executed in front of a firing squad. He was decapitated and his head was placed on a pole. (Hidalgo death’s July 30th, 1812) -
Morelos death
Because Morelos was a mestizo and brought the lower classes into the revolution, the peninsulares and criollos became afraid of mob violence. Soon the criollos and peninsulares had hunted down Morelos. They placed him in front of the firing squad and executed him. -
Plan de iguala
Iturbide met with Vicente Guerrero, the new leader of the rebellion and Iturbide’s former, and planned a coup d’état. Together, Guerrero and Iturbide created the Plan of Iguala. -
Plan of Iguala
First, there would be equal treatment under the law for both peninsulares and criollos. Second, Catholicism would be the official religion of Mexico. And third, Mexico would be a moderate monarchy. -
Three Guarantees
The three parts of the plan were known as union, religion, and independence.
Represented the flag. Red represents the union, aka the blood. White purity of Catholicism. Green hope of Independence. -
Iturbide's empire
Iturbide would be the one to lead Mexico to Independence from Spain in 1821.