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Period: Jan 1, 1200 to
Limiting Power of the Monarchs
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Jun 12, 1215
Magna Carta
King John was forced to sign the Magna Carta (meaning "Great Charter") in 1215. This document took power away from the King for the first time. Powers of the king in regards to taxes and controlling the personal lives of his subjects were limited. This document also laid the foundation for the founding of Parliment, which allowed people to represent themselves and have some say in their government.
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Petiton of Right
This petition created by Parliment and presented to Charles I sought the end of imprisonment without shown cause, taxation without consent of Parliment, end to martial law and billeting of troops among civilians.
Charles I signed this, in hopes of gaining much needed subsidies. However, he soon broke his word. This angered Parliment, and Charles I orderd Parliment disolved in hopes of ending the discussion.
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Grand Remonstrance
On November 22, 1641 the House of Commons passes the Grand Remonstrance. was a list of grievences towards Charles I. This document called for things such as partial reform of the church, regular summoning of Parliment and abolishing illegal courts and taxes. Charles I refused to sign this document, prompting the Civil War.
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Rump Parliment and Charles I Execution
The Rump Parliment is the name referring to the Long Parliment after Pride's Purge. This Parliment became the power of England, and created the High Court of Justice to try Charles I. Parliament tried to negotiate with Charles I, but found out he was only trying to gain back his power. A trial was held, and Charles I was sentenced to death. This showed that Parliament had all hte power now, and the King had none.
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End of English Civil War
The English Civil War came to an end, with Parliment and its' supporters victorious. With Parliment winning the war against Charles I, Parliment gained a lot of power, and the King's power became quite limited.
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The Glorious Revolution
This non-violent revolution led England away from an Absolute Monarchy to a limited monarchy. Parliament overthrew James II, taking away his power as an absolute monarch. It also ended all Catholic rule as Monarch. With the start of William and Mary taking the throne, the monarch became a Protestant, limited monarchy.
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English Bill of Rights
The English Bill of Rights garunteed all English citizens certan rights that could not be taken away by the government. People were allowed the freedom of speech and petition, Protestants were allowed to keep weapons to protect themselves and taxes could not happen without Parliament's consent, among other things.
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