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Angry Protestant mobs swept through Catholic churches when Philip II raised taxes in the Netherlands and took steps towards crushing Protestantism.
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In 1580 Philip II became king of the Portugal Empire.
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The Thirty Year's War begins.
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Louis XIV became king of France at age four or five, after his father died.
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The Thirty Year's War ends thanks to the Peace at Westphalia.
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Louis XIV finally took complete control of France when he was 22 years old.
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This law was passed. It gave prisoners the right to obtain a writ or document ordering that the prisoner be brought before a judge to specify the charges against the prisoner.
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The Dutch Prince of Orange became the king of England.
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Parliament drafted a Bill of Rights to make clear the limits of royal power.
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Peter the Great becomes sole ruler of Russia.
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After Peter the Great died, he left Russia a power to be reckoned with.
