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Umayyads ruled Muslim Empire
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Uthman was assassinated and it was succeeded by Ali, who had more profound view of the Islamic faith.
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Sunni/Shia division resulted in the first Muslim civil war
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Ali was assassinated
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Muʿāwiyah then established himself as the first Umayyad king
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the Muslim Empire expanded.
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the Romans stopped Islamic attacks against Constantinople
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Solved language problem by declaring Arabic official language across Empire
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The arimes crossed Straits of Gibraltar to attack the Spain
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Together they moved across the Strait of Gibraltar and conquered the Iberian Peninsula
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