Topic II: Muslim Civilizations

Muhammed is born

570

First Year of the Muslim Calendar

Jan 1, 622

Began with a crescent moon

Last day of the first year in the Islamic Calendar

Dec 20, 622

Muslims return to Mecca after fighting Meccans

Jan 1, 630

Muhammad dies

Jan 1, 632

Abu Bakr is named cliph

Jan 1, 632

Persian Empire falls to Arabs

Jan 1, 651

Muslim forces cross Strat of Gibraltar and conquer Spain.

Jan 1, 711

Arabs conquer Indus Valley

Jan 1, 711

A Muslim army moves north into France to settle new areas.

Jan 1, 731

Franks defeat Muslim forces at the battle of Tours

Jan 1, 732

Umayyad dynasty falls

Jan 1, 750

Umayyad is a dynasty of Sunni caliphs that ruled the Muslim empire until 750 set up after Ali's death by a powerful Meccan tribe.

Golden Age of Muslim civilization

Period: Jan 1, 750 to Mar 2, 2022

Merchants built a vast trading network across Muslim lands and beyond.

Period: Jan 1, 750 to Jan 1, 1350

Muslim Turks and fghans pushed into India

Oct 15, 1000

Sejuk Turks begin invasions of Muslim regions

Jan 1, 1050

Seljuk sultan controls Baghdad

Jan 1, 1055

Pope Urban II calls for the First Crusade

Oct 15, 1095

Delhi sultanate

Period: Jan 1, 1206 to Jan 1, 1526

Genghis Khan led the Mongols out of Central Asia across southwest Asia

Jan 1, 1216

Hulagu burned and looted Baghdad, killing the last Abbasid calpih.

Jan 1, 1258

Tamerlane invaded India.

Jan 1, 1398

Muslim rule starts to fall in Spain

Jan 1, 1492

Turkish and Mongol armies again poured through mountain passed into India.

Jan 1, 1526

Mughal Dynasty

Period: Jan 1, 1526 to Jan 1, 1857

Arab armies reach Morocco

Mar 2, 2022

Abbasid empire begins to fragment

Mar 2, 2022

Abbasids power of Spain Fragments

Mar 2, 2022

Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem gets built

Mar 2, 2022

Arabs conquer Egypt

Period: Mar 2, 2022 to Jan 1, 642