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Reign of Suleyman the Magnificent; Ottoman Empire reaches its zenith. Hungary and coastlands of Algeria and Tunisia come under Ottoman rule.
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Castile and Aragon capture Granada. After most of the Muslims and Jews banned from Spain. This affected all of Islam.
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Ottomans win over Bursa and Iznik and move into Europe and Ottomans take control of the Balkans.
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The Mongol chief Hulegu, grandson of Genghis Khan, sacks Baghdad, massacring the population and killing the last Abbasid caliph.
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The Marinids under their leader Adbul Haq occupy north eastern part of Morocco.
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The year of Islamic win .Ê Saladin crushes the Crusaders armies at Hittin, near Lake Tiberias. He reconquers Jerusalem and the greater part of the Crusaders territories. The Crusaders now hold Tyre, Tripoli and Antioch
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European Crusaders take Jerusalem from the Muslims. Eventually Muslims defeat the Crusaders and regain control of the holy land. Raymond of Toulouse, after disagreeing with Bohemund about the future crusader course of action, leads the majority of crusaders away from Antioch and toward Jerusalem.
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Pope Urban 2 opens the Council of Clermont where ambassadors from the Byzantine emperor Alexius 1 Commneus, asking help against the Muslims, were received.
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.Seljuk Turks capture Baghdad. This was a good thing.
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The fatimids of Egypt conquered north Africa and included the territory as an extra part of Egypt until 972
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The Acropolis of Zimbabwe was built in Rhodesia
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The Abbasids take over rule from the Umayyads, shifting the seat of power to Baghdad.
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Muslims are defeated at Potiers in France by Charles Martel. This is was a good thing for Islam.
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Muslims enter Spain in the west and India in the east. Eventually almost the entire Iberian Peninsula is under Islamic control.
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In 661 Muawiyah proclaimed himself caliph, made Damascus his
capital, and founded the Umayyad Dynasty. -
Muhammed died. This was not good for Islam, because he was an important person.
