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The Estate System
France was split up into 3 social classes.
The 1st estate took up 1% of the population, owned10% of the land and didn't pay taxes.
The 2nd estate was 1-2% of the population, owned 30% of the land and didn't have to pay taxes.
The 3rd estate was 98% of the population and owned 60% of the land. They were the poorest estate and had to pay taxes. -class notes -
Bad Harvest
Before the revolution, France had very bad droughts. This resulted in a food shortage, causing prices to go up.
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France became bankrupt
France spent a lot of money fighting against England during the American Revolutionary war
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The Queen spent a lot of money
The Queen spent a lot of money. She was known for expensive parties and buying fancy dresses.
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The Enlightenment
The people of France were hearing of Enlightenment ideas like:
Kings should have limited power
People should have rights/freedom
Kings breaking the social contract
Philosophers pushing the French people to revolt
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Declaration of Rights of Man
The National Assembly made the doctumant after being locked out of a meeting room. They had to meet at a near by tennis court. There, they made The Declaration of Rights of Man and The Tennis Court Oath.
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Formation of the National Assembly
The 1st and 2nd Estates outvoted the 3rd Estate during a meeting the king was forced to call after they ran out of money. The 3rd Estate stormed out and decided to make their out parliament called "The Natonal Assembly"
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King Louis and the DRM
King Louis didn't like the National Assembly working on the DRM. He surrounded Paris with his army. The people of Paris freaked outand formed militias. They had the guns but lacked gunpowder.
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The beginning of the revolution
All the gun powder the people needed was in the a prison called the Bastille. Thousands of Parisians stormed the Bastille, getting all the gunpowder. This was the official start of the revolution.
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Period: to
French Revolution
A time at which the common people of France revolted against the king to gain natural rights and equality.
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The Bread March
Thousands of woman marched 12 miles from Paris to Versailles. They armed themselves with broomsticks, lances, pitchforks, swords, pistols and muskets. They broke through the gates and slaughtered the guards and put their heads on pikes. The King and Queen were forced to sign the DRM. All the food in Verssailles was brought back to Paris.
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The Great Escape
The Royal family was under house arrest in their palace in Paris. The National Assembly forced King Louis to sign many laws, each taking away more and more of his power. One night, the royal family tried to escape to Austria in their royal carriage. They almost reached the Austrian border before getting captured and being returned to Paris.
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The Beheading
On Jan. 21st, 1793, King Louis XVI was beheaded. As a result, Austria, Prussia, Spain, Portugal, Britain and the Dutch Republic declared war on France.
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Reign of Terror
At the start of the war, French was losing. The Austrian and Prussian army got within 30 miles of Paris. Great Britian put a naval blockade around Frances Ports. Because of this, The National Assembly started beheading anyone who was against the revolution. 40,000 people, including the Queen and Robespierrre would be sent to the guillotine.
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Napoleon Bonaparte
After France won the war, they went through many different governments. During the revolution, Napoleon rose through the military ranks. He became the leader of the French army and led them into taking Egypt from Great Britian. He was considered the greatest general in all history. Napoleon overthrew the government and became the dictator of France.
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Napoleon's dictatorship
Napoleon lead as the dictator of France from 1799-1815. He lead his army and took over Spain, Portugal, the Holy Roman Empire, Prussia, Austrian Empire, Italian States, and German states. His family members were in charge of these conquered countries. His family would then use Enlightenment ideas to rule.
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The end of the Revolution
Napoleon was defeated and exiled on the island of St.Helena in the south Atlantic Ocean. Europe had gotten the taste of rights and freedom and weren't about to give it up. The French Revolution ended monarchy is Europe, the church lost most of it's power, the people had rights and there were no longer 3 estates in France.
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