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The French Revolution and Napoleon

  • Execution of Louis XVI

    Execution of Louis XVI

    After being convicted of conspiracy with foreign powers and sentenced to death by the French National Convention, Louis XVI was executed by guillotine in the Place de la Revolution in Paris.
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    National Constituent Assembly

    The National Assembly draft a constitution for the new regime while also governing from day to day. The constitution established a limited monarchy, with a clear separation of powers in which the king was to name and dismiss his ministers.
  • Formal opening of the Estates General

    Formal opening of the Estates General

    The opening of the Estates General at Versailles also marked the beginning of the French Revolution. On May 4, 1789, the last great ceremony of the Ancien Régime was held there.
  • Tennis Court Oath

    Tennis Court Oath

    The Tennis Court Oath was a key moment that set off the French Revolution. There, the men of the National Assembly promised not to stop meeting until a constitution had been established.
  • Storming of the Bastile

    Storming of the Bastile

    A state prison on the east side of Paris, known as the Bastille, was attacked by an angry and aggressive mob.
  • The August Decrees

    The August Decrees

    Were a set of 19 articles passed by the National Constituent Assembly during the French Revolution which abolished feudalism in France and ended the tax exemption privileges of the upper classes.
  • The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

    The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

    The representatives of the people of France, formed into a National Assembly, and considered that ignorance or contempt of human rights were the only causes of the public misfortunes and the corruptions of the Government, have resolved to expose in a declaration these rights.
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    Legislative Assembly

    The Legislative Assembly was the legislature of the Kingdom of France from 1st October, 1791 to 20th September, 1792 during the years of the French Revolution.
  • The Flight to Varennes

    The Flight to Varennes

    The Flight to Varennes was a keymoment of the French Revolution, in which King Louis XVI of France, his wife Queen Marie Antoinette, and their children attempted to escape from Paris on the night of 20-21 June 1791.
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    National Convention

    Was a single-chamber assembly in France from September 20th, 1792, to October 26th, 1795, during the French Revolution.
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    1st French Republic

    The First Republic lasted until the declaration of the First Empire on 18th May, 1804 under Napoleon, although the form of the government changed several times.
  • The Assembly declares war on Austria

    The Assembly declares war on Austria

    The French Revolution War began on April 20th, 1792, when the French Legislative Assembly declared war on Austria. The Kingdom of Great Britain, Spain, Portugal and Holland joined the confrontation due to the execution of King Louis XVI.
  • Storming of the Tuileries Palace

    Storming of the Tuileries Palace

    Armed revolutionaries in Paris invaded the residence of Louis XVI and massacred his guards. This event marked the abolition of the French monarchy and the beginning of a new phase of the Revolution.
  • Execution of Robespierre

    Execution of Robespierre

    Robespierre was arrested and guillotined along with 21 followers. His death was followed by a Thermidorian reaction that dismantled the regime of the Terror and brought to pieces the revolutionary government, which was replaced by the Directory.
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    Directory

    The Directory was the governing five-member committee in the French First Republic from 26 October 1795 until 10 November 1799, when it was overthrown by Napoleon Bonaparte in the Coup of 18 Brumaire and replaced by the Consulate.
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    The Consulate

    The Consulate was the top-level Government of France from the fall of the Directory in the coup of 18 Brumaire on 10th November, 1799 until the start of the Napoleonic Empire on 18th May, 1804.
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    The Napoleonic Era

    The Napoleonic era begins aproximately with Napoleon Bonaparte's coup, overthrowing the Directory, establishing the French Consulate, and ends during the Hundred Days and his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo
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    The Empire

    The first empire existence came from Napoleon Bonaparte's coronation as "emperor of the French" in 1804, and its influence on European public institutions and political culture far outlasted his fall from power in 1814/1815.
  • Battle of Trafalgar

    Battle of Trafalgar

    Was a naval engagement of the Napoleonic Wars, which established British naval supremacy for more than 100 years, it was fought west of Cape Trafalgar, Spain, between Cádiz and the Strait of Gibraltar. A fleet of 33 ships (18 French and 15 Spanish) fought a British fleet of 27 ships.
  • Battle of Austerlitz

    Battle of Austerlitz

    Was the first engagement of the War of the Third Coalition and one of Napoleon's most significant victories. His 68,000 troops defeated 90,000 Russians and Austrians.
  • Battle of Leipzig

    Battle of Leipzig

    Was a decisive defeat for Napoleon, resulting in the destruction of what was left of French power in Germany and Poland. The battle was fought at Leipzig, between approximately 185,000 French and other troops under Napoleon, and approximately 320,000 allied troops
  • Battle of Waterloo

    Battle of Waterloo

    This event marked the final defeat of Napoleon, who conquered much of Europe in the early 19th century. Napoleon rose through the ranks of the French army during the French Revolution, seized control of the French government in 1799 and became emperor in 1804.