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The formal opening of the estates general was inaugurated on May 5, 1789 in France and marked the beginning of the French revolution. Louis XVI the King of France, summoned the general states to find a solution, since there was a financial crisis in the country, and the representatives of the people rebelled and created the National Assembly, beginning the French revolution. It was a wonderful assembly that the king could call to discuss political matters. -
The Tennis court oath was a commitment to a national constitution, and also to a representative government, it was assumed by the delegates in the States General of Versailles. And it also became one of the most iconic images of the entire French Revolution era. The deputies of the National Assembly met to enter the meeting room of the Versailles hotel, to try to find the doors guarded by royal troops. -
The first constituent assembly in France was held on July 4, 1789 and ended on September 30, 1791. Many measures were taken that caused the political situation of the country to change, like the suppression of feudalism. The third state intervened, since it had twice as many representatives as the other two, and at the end, 490 votes in favor and 90 votes not in favor were obtained.
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In this storming of the Bastille, the population of Paris tried to attack the Bastille prison, an old fortress. They were able to attack it and their fall into the hands of the people constituted the beginning of the French revolution. When that happened, Louis XVI was convinced that he reigned over all the French by divine right, and as an absolute monarch, but he was a conformist man and tried to take advantage of his advisers and as his wife Marie Antoinette -
In the August decrees, the abolition of the rights and privileges of the estates and nobility of the cities was assumed. It was a development in the French Revolution in the history of France. The National Assembly decided to abolish Seigneurialism, to put the nation on the path of constitutional reform. There, the deputies of the Assembly rose one by one to surrender their feudal rights and privileges, and the changes finally approved as law failed to satisfy everyone. -
In the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, the Representatives of the French People, considering that ignorance and forgetfulness of the rights of Man, achieved in a solemn Declaration, the natural and sacred rights of Man, for which this declaration, reminded them of their rights and duties, so that the acts of the legislative and executive power can be checked at all times. And also, they are more respected and have everyone's happiness. -
This legislative assembly, founded in 1791, that represented the wealthy bourgeoisie, refers to two different assemblies, this one, under the French Republic, and other in 1849, under the second republic. There were three different groups, on the right, 260 constitutional monarchists, who belonged to the Club des Feuillants and its boss was Jacques Pierre Brissot, on the left, 136 deputies, who belonged to the Jacobin Club, and in the center, 345 deputies, who defended the revolution.
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The legislative assembly declared revolutionary war on Austria in 1792. It was the French revolutionaries, who had long feared military intervention by neighboring monarchies, declared war to preserve and expand the revolution. Later, the French declared themselves a republic and executed their king. In those times, the republic was very desperate, since they had to defend themselves against enemy armies on all fronts and they were able to increase their armies. -
In the Varenees escape, Louis XVI and his family left Paris in secret, but when they had almost reached the finish line, they were recognized and arrested. When the kings wanted to leave Paris, they found themselves in a crowd of people who prevented them from leaving, but the king decided to escape. He had a plan that was to escape at night and travel to the nearest city, Montmédy, a very large travel and there, the king would issue a proclamation to denounce the abuses of the Revolution. -
On August 10, 1792, the sans-culottes stormed the Tuileries palace. That attack was very reminiscent of the greatest military historical events in history and at that time the king had made clear his opposition to the French Revolution because he knew that he was trying by all means to make it fail. In the morning, the federates who arrived in Paris confronted the guards who defended the king, a catastrophe, causing several hundred deaths and injuries. -
The national convention was a government that took place between 1792 and 1795. This period began after the fall of Maximilien Robespierre, the best-known leader of this stage, and has the name of Thermidorian Convention, which is defined by the return of power to the Girondins and the pressure of the monarchists. This convention was founded on the idea of writing a new constitution and eliminating the political powers of Louis XVI of France.
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The French republic, were parliamentary regimes carried out in 1792, which began when the deputies of the national convention approved the abolition of the monarchy. It lasted twelve years and was characterized by the fall of the monarchy, the establishment of the national convention and some other events. The Directory, the national convention, The era of Napoleon and The Consulate were some of the governments that succeeded in the French Republic.
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This execution was one of the most important events in history, and it took place in the middle of the Revolution Square, formerly known as the Louis XV Square. The National Convention had sentenced the king to death in a vote that was imposed out loud, and in which the death penalty was imposed without conditions by 300 votes against 290 votes for exile. He was executed on the guillotine and he was going to make a speech, but he was not heard because of the drums. -
After being released, Robespierre was injured in a gunfight, and was shot in the face. He was unconscious and fell into Thermidorian hands. The next day, Robespierre was taken to the square of the revolution where millions of people were previously guillotined, he was guillotined and later his body was buried in a common grave in the Errancis cemetery. His fall put an end to the Terror and the republican fury. -
The directory was a government founded between 1795 and 1799, which was characterized by the most moderate victories of the army in the republic, also by an economic crisis. Robespierre fell, and after that, the Club of the Jacobins and the surviving Girondins were reinstated. On November 3, 1795, the directory was established, in which it was divided between an higher house called the Council of Elders, and also a lower house called the Council of Five Hundred.
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The Napoleonic Era, from 1799 to 1815, was a difficult time, a time of restructuring of continental Europe. Napoleon Bonaparte was the strong man of the new government, but there was still a legislature, a constitution, and elections. Napoleon had him appointed consul for life, and since he was the new head of the army, a new dictatorship was approaching, in which only Bonaparte obtained all the power. Finally, Napoleon proclaimed himself Emperor of the French and made France the French Empire.
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The consulate was a government founded between 1799 and 1804, which began because of the coup of the state on 18 Brumaire, and was supported by various members of the Directory. And after that, a consulate founded by Napoleon Bonaparte was created, and it was officially installed with Cambacérès and Lebrun to be two new consuls. Napoleon Bonaparte was appointed the first consul and took over the executive. The consulate finally ended in 1804 with the proclamation of the empire.
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The French Empire, or Bonaparte Empire, was a monarchical government founded by Napoleon Bonaparte after the dissolution of the first French Republic. Napoleon wanted to transform France into a hegemonic power, he maintained a constitutional government and the empire was founded and governed on the basis of the French revolution. And finally, Napoleon was able to reform political stability and created an infrastructure that was capable of boosting the businesses of the French bourgeoisie.
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The Battle of Trafalgar, a naval battle in the waters near Cape Trafalgar, occurred in 1805. This battle was the scene of the largest and most decisive naval battle fought during the Napoleonic wars. The battle occurred because when the British, upset with Napoleon and his will to dominate all of Europe, resumed hostilities against France despite the peace they had signed only a year before. In just over six hours of combat, a Franco-Spanish group made up of 33 ships of the line was crushed. -
In December 1805, Napoleon Bonaparte's army defeated the outnumbered combined forces of Austria and Russia at Austerlitz. The so-called "battle of the three emperors" is considered one of the most brilliant in military history as far as strategy is concerned. Three great armies met. On one side were the troops of Napoleon Bonaparte, numbering approximately 68,000 men, and on the other, almost 90,000 Russian and Austrian soldiers. -
This battle lasted four days and was the largest armed confrontation that had been seen up to then in Europe. On the one hand, the French Empire and its remaining allies, the kingdoms of Saxony and several others, faced each other, and on the other hand, the great coalition, with Russia, Prussia, Austria, Sweden, and the duchy of Hesse.
Some like Gutenberg changed sides at the last moment and Napoleon came to employ almost 200,000 men, against 350,000 for the allies. -
The Battle of Waterloo was an armed confrontation between the Napoleonic army and the Seventh Coalition, and it took place in present-day Belgium. This battle was part of the Napoleonic Wars and Bonaparte's return to France began the period known as one hundred days. The victory of the allies meant the end of the Napoleonic Empire and led to the imprisonment of Bonaparte. The main cause of this war was the flight of King Louis XVIII from Paris and the new coronation of Napoleon.