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Byzantine army is destroyed by Turks
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Mercenary Seljuk Turks conquer Syria and Palestine. The City of Jerusalem is taken from the more civilised Saracen caliphs
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3000 Christian Pilgrims were massacred in Jerusalem and the Christian churches were destroyed or used as stables
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Emperor Alexius I sent an embassy to Pope Urban II regarding the atrocities in Jerusalem and the growing threat of the Turks to Constantinople and the whole of Europe
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Pope Urban II called a great council of the Church at Placentia, in Italy, to consider the appeal - decisions were deferred until later in the year
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Pope Urban II called a great council of clergy and nobles to meet at Clermont in France called the Council of Clermont. He called for a crusade against the Infidels
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Peter the Hermit took up the cry "God wills it!" and ordinary people join in the 'People's Crusade' - most were unarmed
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Armed forces gathered at Constantinople to embark on the First Crusade
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Emperor Alexius I shipped the Peoples Crusade over the Bosphorus
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The Peoples Crusade were annihilated by the Turks in Anatolia
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Siege of Nicacea
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Battle of Dorylaeum
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The Siege of Antioch
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Stephen of Blois and numerous French crusaders flee the siege of Antioch with news of the arrival of Emir Kerboga of Mosul
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Bohemond I, elder son of Robert Guiscard, led the capture of Antioch
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Emir Kerboga of Mosul and his army of 75,000 lays siege to the crusaders led by Bohemond
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The siege of Arqah, near Tripoli
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Raymond of Toulouse leads the crusaders from Antioch and to Jerusalem
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The Battle of Orontes. The First Crusade wins a victory forcing Emir Kerboga to lift the siege of Antioch
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The soldiers of the First Crusade successfully scale the walls of Jerusalem and take the Holy city