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The Arabs allowed Christian and Jewish pilgrims to visit Jerusalem. Jews and Christians could live in Palestine as long as they paid their taxes like everyone else.
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Byzantine Emperor named Alexius Comnenus ask for help against invaders. The Muslim Turks were trying to take over the Byzantine capital of Constinoble
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They closed the city to Jewish and Christian pilgrims. Then began trying to invade the Byzantine empire.
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Pope Urban II read the letter in Nov. 1095 asking for help and called for a “holy war” or crusades.
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Unprepared troops
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Captured Jerusalem
Carved in up into 4 Crusader states -
Muslim leader Saladin takes control of Jerusalem
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Muslim Turks re-conquer the city
Saladin is described, to be honest, and brave -
Richard the Lion-Hearted = English King and two other leaders fail to recapture Jerusalem