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The Catholic Church gains complete control over the treaty bewteen Spain and Rome.
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After the loss Cuba, the army was overstaffed and very powerful.
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Poverty was later a large problem that resulted in bloodshed of protestors that is now known as 'Tragic Week'.
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Spain was a consitutional monarchy and it was lead by king Alfonso XIII.
Spain's government was corrupt and inefficient. The Catalonia and Basque region, therefore, wanted independence. -
The Spanish army was massacred by the Morrocans when it tried to put down a rebellion. This defeat further humiliated Spain and put down its pride.
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To prevent a further collapse of the Spanish monarchy General Primo de Renerva took control of Spain.
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General Primo de Revera ended the war in Morrocand introduced public work schemes - roads, railways, irrigation schemes. Industrial preoduction increased by three times than it was before. Revera also suspended the Cortes (parliament), trial by jury and freed of speech and press.
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The Depression has made a hugely negative impact on Spain with the collapse of the inductrial production, the reduction in agricuteral prices and up tp 50% of people unemployed.
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Revera had to resign as the government leader when the army had withdrew its support.
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The Republicans had won the election over all the major cities in Spain and this lead to Alfonso abdicating his throne to avoid civil war. Spain has become a republic.
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The government split between Left and Right Wing Republicans. the Left Wing wanted rapid social reform to appeal to the working classes while the Right Wing Republicans wanted a more moderate change to reduce the opposition of t he church, landowners and military.
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The military, industries, landowners and the Catholic Church were angry at the reform Republican government and therefore looked towards the fascists for help against their Left Wing government and a new Fascist party was formed under Primo's son, Jose Antonio de Rivera.
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Catalonia recieved some self government. The Church had Jesuits expelled, RE in schools banned and divorce allowed. Many army officers were made to retire ealy on half pay and the huge states in Spain (Latifundia) were nationalised.
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General Sanjuro lead an army coup to overthrow the the governement that was lead by the prime minister, Manuel Azana. Because the the election was fair, the military coup failed as the army remained loyal to the government.
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Republic offends the right: A reactionary political party was formed - the Ceda - to protect the Roman Catholic Church and landlords.
Republic offends the Left: two powerful left wing politcal parties, the anarchsts and the syndicalists (powerful trade union groups) felt that Azana's goverenment was being too moderate. Both wanted to overthrow Capitalism. -
The extreme left organised strikes and riots to destabalise the Azana government. As a result, 25 people werekilled by the government troops who were attempting to catch some anarchists near Cadiz. Tis lost the government a great deal of suppoet among the working class and the socialists withdrewtheir support fromt he government.
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Azana reigned as the Prime Minister and elections were called. CEDA won a majority of support and and formed a government led by Gil Robles which held powerfor whatthe Left called 'Two Black Years'. Robles withdrew all the reforms introduced bythe Azana government. The Left Wing parties joined together to form the Popular Front. Together they organised strikes, riots and vandalism.
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General Franco and his army ruthlessy put down the coal miners in Austrias when they started a strike. Spain was heading towrads chaos when the Catalans had their privileges withdrawn and was truned downed agaisnt the government.
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A general election was called to restore order. Azana once again became Prime minister when the Left Wing popular front won. The Right Wing formed a National Front coalistion in reaction = more polarisation. the socialists withdrew theirsupport from the Popular Front government in protest at its moderation. Public disturbances occurred soon started spiralling the country out of control.
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Sotelo, a leading right wing politician was murdered. The right wing politicians argued they were in serious danger of being taken over by Communists. They began to favour the idea of military dictatiorships that was proabably led by General Mola.
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General Framco assumed control of the military, seized control of Spanish Morroco and crossed over into mainaland Spain to takeover the government. The Spanish Civil War has begun.
