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the Catholic Church in charge of education
the Catholic Church took hold of education during Rome and Spain’s concordat. -
Loss of Cuba
Loss of Cuba left Spanish army overpowered and overstaffed. -
Tragic Week
Army fired at protestors such as the poor and proletariat who were suffering from poverty, named ‘Tragic Week’ -
Spain ruled by a constitutional monarchy
King Alfonso XIII led Spain by a constitutional monarchy resulting in an inefficient and corrupt government. Catalonia and Basque wanted independence. -
Disaster of Annual
A Spanish army massacred by Morocco army. Spain’s pride suffered. -
General Primo de Rivera controlled Spain to prevent collapse of monarchy
General Primo de Rivera controlled Spain to prevent collapse of the monarchy -
Rivera ended war in Morocco, introduced public work schemes
Public work schemes include roads, railways, irrigation schemes. Suspeneded the Cortes. Allowed trails by jury and freedom of speech. -
The Great Depression hit Spain.
1929-32.
Production and argiculture prices decreased. Unemployment increased. -
Army withdrew support. Rivera resigned as government leader.
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Spain becomes Republic
Spain became a republic. Alfonso abdicated to avoid civil war.
Government split into left and right wing republicans.
Former wanted to socially change to appeal to working classes.
Latter wanted to reduce the opposition of the church, landowners and military. -
Changes by the Republicans
1931-33: Catalonia self-government. Religion education banned. Army officers forced to retire. Large estates of Spain were nationalised.
Changes by the Republicans angered the four powerful elements of society. These elements looked towards fascists to go against the left wing. A new Spanish fascist party formed under Jose Antonio de Rivera. -
Republic offends
General Sanjuro led an army coup to overthrow government, it was unsuccessful.
Republic offends right: the Ceda determined to protect the interests of RCC and LLs.
Republic offends left: anarchists and syndicalist (trade unions and left wings) wanted to over throw capitalism. -
Government loses support from the socialists and working class
1933 January: Left organised riots and strikes to cause an unstable government.
25 People killed by government troops while searching for left parties.
Government lost support from the socialists and working class due to that. -
Two Black Years
1933 November: Azana resigned
CEDA won and formed a government led by Gil Robles for “two black years”
Robles withdraw Azana’s reforms.
Left wing parties joined to form Popular front which organised strikes, riots and vandalism. -
Coal miners strike and Catalan's turned against government
Coal miners on strike were put down by an army led by General Franco. The Catalan’s had their privileges withdrawn and turned against government. -
Public distubrances sends country out of control
1936 –Feb: Elections to restore order. Left wing won and Azana became prime minister. Right wing formed a national front coalition, more polarisations.
Socialists withdrew support from the left wing. Public disturbances sent the country out of control. -
Sotelo murdered. General Franco leads army to overtake government. Beginning of the Civil War.
1936-July: Right wing leader, Sotelo murdered. Right wings began favouring a military dictatorship.
General Franco led the military and took control of Spain Morocco and went to mainland Spain to take over the government signalling the beginning of the civil war.
