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Brunswick Manifesto
Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick, issued the Brunswick Manifesto to the citizens of Paris in order to threaten that if the royal family was harmed, the civilians would be harmed because they feared an uprising. Instead of calming the population down, the civilians became angry and started an uproar on August 10th, the storming of the Tuileries Palace. -
Storming of the Tuileries
After the Brunswick Manifesto, the citizens of Paris became angry and scared that their government was overbearing and corrupt. A mob of about 30,000 civilians approached the Tuileries Palace on a mission to capture King Louis XVI. The king had already taken precautions and moved to the Legislative Assembly building. However, he did not give orders to the Swiss Guard that was guarding the palace. Even though the civilians did not find the king, they killed 600 of the 900 guards & anyone there. -
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September Massacres
The September Massacres were many killings in Paris during the French Revolution. On September 2, Georges Danton a minister made a speech that told the citizens to rise up in defense to the revolution and kill all the people who were traitors. Mobs broke into prisons and killed a lot of prisoners. Nobles, priests and other people were killed as well. News of this event spread to Europe which added to people opposing the Revolution. This event was foreshadowing to the Reign of Terror. -
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National Convention
France was led and governed by the National Convention during the Radical Phase of the French Revolution. Its purpose was to draw out a constitution for France since the monarchy had been brought down. The Convention was made up of men who were from different classes. The Convention overthrew the monarchy and created the republic. There were two rival factions within the Convention: the Montagnards and the Girondins. They fought for power within the Convention. Source: http://www.britannica.com/ -
French Republic
The new French Republic was created by the National Convention. The National Convention took all power from theking and forced him to live as a citizen by the name Capet. The Republic remained in effect until Napoleon I declared himself the emperor of France. Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_First_Republic -
Louis XVI executed
Around 1791, Louis was accused of counterrevolution and was found guilty by the French National Convention. He was killed by the guilotine on January 21, 1793. -
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Reign of Terror
The Montagnards were dominant during the Reign of Terror because they suspended the accused's rights and left the jury to decide between a release or death. Maximilien Robespierre was one of the main men in charge and he believed that the guillotine was necessary to maintain the Republic. There are no records of how many people were killed or imprisoned without trial by jury. -
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Committe of Public Safety
The Committee of Public Safety had many roles such as the governing of wars, appointing of judges and juries for the Revolutionary tribunal, provisioning the armies and the public, maintaining public order, and overseeing the state bureaucracy. When the Reign of Terror reached its peak, so did the authority of the Committee. They made a rule that any crimes committed under the Law of 22 Prarial was death as punishment. After Constituition of 1795, the committee and its cruelness ceased to exist. -
Constitution of 1793
It created the Republic and borrowed ideas from the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789. This constitution declared that "the superiority of popular sovereignty over national sovereignty". source:http://historywarsweapons.com/constitution-of-1793-france/ -
Dechristinization
The National Convention adopted religious laws that had many rules that were not appropriate with the church. These rules caused dechristinization, which split the nation because,some supported the priests who refused to follow the laws and others supported the priests who did what the state authority told them to. The religious chaos reached its climax in May 1794 when under Robspierre's rule the convention adopted the Cult of Supreme Being. -
Thermidorian Reaction
The Thermidorian Reaction was a revolt against the horridness of the Reaign of Terror. Robespierre by this time was the main leader in the reign of terror and because of his distrust of so many of the government's organizations, many people had conspiricies to take away his power. Eventually, on the 27th of July, Robespierre was arrested along with other Paris city officials. Eventually a riot broke out and many deaths and injuries took place. -
End of the Reign of Terror
Because of Robespierre's insistence on forcing terror to achieve peace, his efforts to make the republic a morally united patriotic community caused endless bloodshed. After 26 June's decisive military victory over Austria at the Battle of Fleurus, Robespierre was overthrown by a conspiracy of certain members of the Convention on 9 Thermidor (27 July). The Committee of Public Safety had ended. New members were appointed the day after Robespierre's execution, and term limits were imposed.
