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1250
Mamluk Rule in Egypt
The mamluks were not native to egypt, but they took it over in 1250. In fact, they are native to south russia and their name means “owned” or “slave” which meant they were an army of slaves. They ended up ruling egypt to syria from 1250-1517. The Mamluks would enslave the people of that area and force them into the army. That ultimately lead to their defeat because none of the slaves wanted to fight. The mamluks also built some of the strongest buildings that are still up to this day in Cairo. -
1517
Ottoman Rule in Egypt
The Ottomans began their rule when they overtook the Mamluks in 1517. They saw that the Mamluks rule over Egypt was weakening so they took advantage of that and battled to gain control. They ruled from northern Africa to southern Europe. They used Egypt as a base for expansion in Africa. The Ottomans didn’t have any major historians and their architectures were not nearly as skilled as the Mamluks. The overall quality of culture and buildings during this time period were pretty bad. -
Funj Expanded to the East
Funj known as Funj Sultanate, a power which rose in southern Nubia in 1504, and located in Sudan. Ethiopia barred the expansion eastward of Funj, so Funj waged two wars. The first was in 1618-19, but it did not succeed. The second was in 1744 which was under Bādī IV, and it was victorious. Even though Funj realized the expansion to the east, Funj still declined because internal conflicts. Finally, it was supplanted by the Turkish government of Egypt in 1821. -
Mercenaries attack Tripoli
The first Babary war was undeclared war waged by the United States against the North African states of Morocco, Tripoli, Algiers, and Tunis. The principle was the cause of the war which supported the actions of the pirates against American shipping in the Medditarrian Seas. The president that sent Marines to Tripoli was Thomas Jefferson. United Stateshad been at war with Tripoli since March 1801 when President Thomas Jefferson ordered a naval squadron to the Medditerrian. -
British Rule in Egypt Began
The British had much interest in Egypt because they had always traded with them. They soon realized that the Egyptians were very dependent on the Nile so they could kind of use that against them if any war were to arise. They made Egypts economic system increase greatly, but strippe them of this currency. Egypt became one of the main exports of cotton in that time, in fact 90% of Egypts exports were cotton. Eventually the Egyptians found out and revolted(Egyptian Revolution 1919). -
Slavery Abolished in Sudan
Raiding for slaves was common in the 19th century in Sudan. There were thousands of slaves, and Sudan also exported thousands of slaves to Egypt and the Arab states. But under the control of British, the slavery was aboilished in 1898. The slavery was aboilished till the civil war of Sudan. During the first civil war of Sudan from 1955 to 1972, slavery appeared again since Britished abolished in 1898. However, during this time slavery is not big problem. -
Chad becomes a Country
Chad became a country on August 11, 1960. Chad became a country because it got independence under the leadership of François Tombalbaye who was a french commander. Chad got its name from its most famous lake called Lake Chad. The lake provided plenty of water for the Chadians. Chad is the fifth largest country on the continent. The northern part has a population density of about twenty persons per square mile or eight people per square kilometer. The capital of Chad is N’Djamena. -
Southern Sudans Civil War
In 1983, the Second Civil War broke out between Sudan and Southern Sudan. The entire conflict began with the central Sudanese government and the Sudans Liberation Army. The Sudanese did not agree with the governments laws and works. Because of the disagreement, most Sudanese people began to revolt. The government of Sudan began to control the people much more strictly, as well as declining certain rights of the people in both Sudan and Southern Sudan. -
Libya Elected Chairman in Human Rights Commission
In 2003, Ambassador Najat Al-Hajjaji was elected to be a Chairperson of the Geneva-based Commission on Human Rights by a secret vote of 33 countries in favour. On her election, Ambassador Najat Al-Hajjaji said that the Commission must be agreed on privately on about Human Rights, and that it has to be a clear message to the other countries to deal with Human Rights in all countries. It could manage with “wisdom, speed, and restraint,” with all the countries -
Sudan Peace Treaty
On January 9th 2005, Sudan and Southern Sudan ended the Second Civil War, that gave out the Sudan people’s liberation movement. The government of Sudan and southern Sudan agreed on terms to stop fighting and signed a peace treaty. During the war, most protesters would be killed by the Sudanese army. Both sides had enough of the war and decided to come to terms of peace. The peace treaty was also known as the Naivasha agreement. It was decided that democracy would be the main form of government.
