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King Henry VIII acscended the throne and married Catheirne Aragon (his first wife), the widow of his deceased elder brother. He was the instigator of the Protestant Reformation in England. He married to 5 different women after Aragon. He died in 1547 and was succeeded by his son, Edward VI, who was himself succeeded by both of his two sisters, Mary I and Elizabeth I.
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The deaths of his father and grandfathers brough him an inheritance that included the Burgundian lands, Spain with its Italian possessions and claims to the Indies, and Habsburg dominions in central Europe and Italy. He first became King of Spain in 1516, then elected as Holy Roman Emperor Charles V in 1519.
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Luther called for a public debate on the issue of indulgences, and on a set of additional topics, all of which grew out of his recent theological reflections. These issues were reduced to Ninety-five theses; legend has it that a copy was nailed to the door of the church at Wittenberg in Germany.
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She became queen of England as Kind Endward did not have male child. In favor of England, Philip II of Spain married Mary Tudor.
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His father, Charles V - Holy Roman Emperor, was abdicted. Philip II became king of Naples, Castile (today's Spain) and Aragon.
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England had experienced a dramatic swing toward Protestantism under Edward VI and an equally strong backlash during Mary's regin. Mary supported Catholicism while Parliament was equally divided between teh Catholic House of Lords and the Protestant House of Commons. Elizabeth showed religiously tolerant attitude.
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Habsburg dynasty
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