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Overthrown King James II -> William III
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- Main purpose: restore and strengthen the parliament.
- The bill outlined specific constitutional and civil rights and ultimately gave Parliament power over the monarchy.
- Legacy: *Preamble of the United States Declaration of Independence *Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen *Universal Declaration of Human Rights
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Imperial reconquest
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- Mercantilism – Encouraging local production (tariffs , monopolies)
- Balance of trade within the same government.
- COLONIES (LAND- TERRITORY) : *Produce raw materials *Buy finished goods
- France (Native Allies) vs GB fighting for colonial supremacy
- Great awakening
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Attempts to limit western expansion. -
Reduce smuggling (sugar and rum)
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New imposed tax: imposed a tax on all paper documents in the colonies
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Coordinated boycott of British goods
- Civil disobedience
- The Sons of Liberty (merchants) (Samuel Adams and John Hancock) -
Increasing taxes on paint, paper, glass, lead and tea.
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Street brawl that ended with 5 persons killed and 6 wounded.
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Coordinated Boycott – NON IMPORTATION
The Daughters of Liberty:
* Textile shortage -> spinning bees
* Hold the boycott – women’s role on purchasing consumer goods (tea) -
- Removed other taxes except tea tax
- Colonists consumed 1.2 million pounds of tea/year
- Smuggling tea from the Dutch – Liberty Tea (Daughters of Liberty)
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- The Quebec Act
- Boston Port Act
- Massachusets Government Act
- Administration and Justice Act
- Quartering Act
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- 12/13 Colonies (except Georgia) gathering at Philadelphia.
- Coordinated resistance to Intolerable Acts
- Promoted equality of participants (delegates) and free debate.
- Articles of association – Continue without import British goods.
- Loyalty to the King of GB but disagreement with the Parliament.
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- Pamphlet written by Thomas Paine
- Main Ideas : *Government served the people *Against Monarchy *America “home of the free” *Opportunity to crear a new nation based on self-rule
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Thomas Jefferson is the main author -
- Central government
- Weak and ineffective
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- France granted diplomatic recognition to the US
- France supported the colonies and Washington’s army
- Recognized the Independence of American Colonies
- Granted the Americans control of the western territory from the Appalachians to the Mississippi River.
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- Federal system: national and state governments share power
- Power división: executive, legislative, and judicial (Montesquieu)
- Presidential democracy
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- Guaranteed freedom of religión, speech, press, petition, and assembly.
- Rights derived from the natural-rights (Locke)
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Louis XVI convened the Estates-General, which had not met since 1614 -
The Third Estate declared that it was the National Assembly and would draft a constitution.
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Voting system on the Estates-General. The Third Estate demanded 1 vote per deputy and not per estate (more equal and fair).
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Inspired by the English Bill of Rights of 1689 and the American Declaration of Independence and Constitution.
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NEW RULES , NEW LEADERS
- Political groups were well defined.
- Pillnitz Declaration -
New elections held: republicans won.
Law of Maximums. -
Created a Security Public Committee.
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Guerra de Guerrillas
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Antonio López de Santa Ana
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Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana
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Chiapas, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua y Costa Rica
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Three main points:
–No future European colonization in the New World. (Response to the Congress of Vienna, 1815)
–USA will be absent of the European political issues
–No European intervention in the governments of the American hemisphere. -
- Risk of territorial fragmentation
- Federalism
- Fray Servando Teresa de Mier
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- Desorganized economy, states not paying taxes
- Church, nobility monopoly
- Recognition from USA and Great Britain
- Re conquest attempt from Spain
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- Alamán Regime
- Re organization of mexican economy: Bank, textiles industry, inmigration policy against USA expansionism (north), internal colonization.
- Liberals against Bustamante - Manuel Gómez Pedraza (St. Ana)
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Liberals
Reforms of 1833
(VGF)
Santa Anna –
Centralist Republic
(Suppression of the
Reform)
Constitution 1835-
1836 -
CAUSES
• Spanish abandonment (New
Spain)
• American colonization during the
New Spain and American
Expansionism.
• Cultural differences from MX:
Language, religion, slavery.
• Abolition of slavery in Mexico,
1829
• Federalism suppression
• 1835 – Texas declares it’s
independence -
• Celaya, Tampico, Monterrey
• Yucatán -
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Recognition of the Río Bravo as the northern/southern border USA-Mexico
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• Justice
• All are equal
before the law
• Eliminate
church
privileges -
• Economical
• Church
properties to
sell. -
• Church Tax
(Thite)
• Non compulsory
thite -
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-Plan de Tacubaya
-Maintained Comonfort (moderate liberal) -
-Plan de Tacubaya
- Abolish 1857 Constitution
- Félix Zuloaga, Palacio Arzobispal de Tacubaya (Mexico City)
- Maintained Comonfort (moderate liberal) as president and powers to abolish the constitution and call a new Constituent Assembly. -
Busca la separación definitiva del Estado
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- Ley de Nacionalización de los Bienes Eclesiásticos
- Ley del Matrimonio Civil
- Ley Orgánica del Registro Civil
- Ley de Exclaustración de Monjas y Frailes
- Ley Sobre la Libertad de Cultos
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