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Dec 9, 1531
Our Lady Of Guadalupe
In Mexico, on this day, Juan Diego was on his way to church when he heard the voice of a woman calling his name. He followed the voice her heard to the top of a hill where Mary, the Mother of Jesus, stood. She told him to tell the bishop to build a church on this hilltop. The bishop asked that the lady provide a sign so that he would believe it...
<a href= "http://www.franciscanfriars.com/RMH/OLGtext.htm">http://www.franciscanfriars.com/RMH/OLGtext.htm</a> -
Period: to
Latin American Revolutions
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El Grito
Mexico was once a Spanish colony called La Nueva España. On this day the famous struggle for independence began with Father Hidalgo of Dolores giving his people a great famous speech or cry (grito in Spanish). "Long live religion!, Long live Our Lady of Guadalupe! Long live the Americas and death to the corrupt government!", Hidalgo shouted. This day was famous from here on. More on El Grito -
Paraguay gains it's independence
Paraguay declares it's indepence from Spain. 3 years after this José Gaspar Rodríguez Francia declares himself dictator. More On Paraguay: -
Father Hidalgo is Executed
Father Miguel Hidalgo led a group of mestizos and Native Americans, wanting equality, in a revolt against Spain. As the leader of "El Grito" he had initial successes but was soundly defeated in 1811. Hidalgo was captured and executed on July 30, 1811. <img src="http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e143/jordyca/2007-09-01.jpg"> -
Argentina gains it's independence
After stopping the Spainish from advancing on Argentina, on July 9, 1816, An assembly of representatives from all of the provinces met in the Congress of Tucumán declaring the full independence of Argentina from the Spanish Crown and provisions for a national constitution. Santa Fe, Entre Ríos and Corrientes later joined. Jose San Martin was a major player in this -
Chile Declares Independence
In Chile's war for independence was between the people of Chile and Spanish colonial authorities, which started on September 10, 1810 and extended into the mid 1820s. The Chilean Independence movement was led by Chilean-born criollos, who sought political and economic independence from Spain. A declaration of independence was officially issued by Chile on February 12, 1818 and formally recognized by Spain in 1840, when full diplomatic relations were established. -
Under Simon Bolivar, Venezuela defeats the Spanish,
Spanish general La Torre brought 5,000 troops to Carabobo to block both passes. La Torre made major mistakes in position and stategy. Bolivar, with a total of 6,500 men, including the British battalion attacked. One-third of the Spanish troops were captured, killed, or wounded. Biography of Simon Bolivar -
Jose San Martin gains Peruvian independance
Peru's war of independence began in 1809 and continued until this day. After lots of conflicts and struggles, patriotic campaigns finally brought Peru their independence. The proclamation of independence of Peru was made by José de San Martin on July 28, 1821 -
The Battle of Pichincha
Antonio José de Sucre and Simon Bolivar liberate Quinto, Ecuador in a stunning victory against the Spanish forces led by Melchor Aymerich. The battle was set at a volcano called Pichincha, hence the name "Battle of Pichincha". Sucre's forces quickly defeated the Spanish. They were forced to surrender. Sucre was later named president of Quinto, Ecuador.
<a href=
http://latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/thehistoryofecuador/p/battlepichincha.htm">More About The Battle</a> -
Bolivia's Battle Of Ayacucho
At Battle of Ayacucho, on December 9, 1824, Bolivia had a combined Colombian-Peruvian army of 7,000 under the command of Antonio José de Sucre. Bolivia defeated José de La Serna's Spanish army of 10,000. They killed and caputured many, among them La Serna. The Spanish surrender came the next day. Bolvia's independence had been won. -
Uruguay Adopts It's First Consitution.
After confusing back and forth struggle between brazil and Argentina, Uraguay finally becomes an independant state and adopts it's first constitution. -
Death of Simon Bolivar
Only soon after a failed assassination attempt, Simon Bolivar died. His health had been failing. He resigned all his postions and died of natural cause on December 10, 1830. This marked the death of a major leader of Latin America revolution. -
Treaty of Velasco
This was a document signed between between Antonio López de Santa Anna of Mexico and the Republic of Texas, to try and persuade the Mexican government to reconize Texan independence. -
The Battle of Puebla
Also known as Cinco de Mayo, when this victory is celebrated. The Mexican army defeated French forces on this day, in their struggle for independence. This was a major victory in the war for Mexico. More On Cinco De Mayo: -
French Withdraw From Mexico
Maximillian is overthrown by rebellious Mexicans who wanted the French out. Mexicans were overall displeased with Maximillian. Benito Juarez is elected as president of Mexico, who restores the government to Mexico City.
More On Juarez -
Deodoro da Fonesca dethrones Pedro II
A coup led by general Deodoro da Fonseca deposes Brazil's king Pedro II and inaugurates the republic, with power alternating between Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais, and Brazil enters a stage of rapid economic growth. <img src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_SSrRQXGMD8I/SfdVGswE-yI/AAAAAAAAFsg/QHMMaCZU7do/s400/PedroII.jpg">
^King Pedro II
