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The Sovereign Board of Quito, chaired by Juan Pío Montúfar, proclaims the independence of the territories of Quito.
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Election of the First Government Board in Buenos Aires for the provinces that were part of the Viceroyalty of Río de la Plata or Buenos Aires. National Day of Argentina.
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Cry of Asencio. Rebellion of Uruguay and the current Brazilian states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, also known as Banda Oriental, against the Crown of Spain.
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The constitution of Quito is issued. In Venezuela, Francisco de Miranda capitulates to the royalists. The Spanish stop him and send him to Spain. The Junta falls and the Marquis of Selva Alegre is arrested, while in Peru
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From the Andes to Caracas, Bolívar began the so-called "Admirable Campaign" and was proclaimed Liberator. In Chile O'Higgins fights against the Spanish and faces the dictator Carrera, deposed in a meeting.
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En España vuelve al poder Fernando VII y en Hispanoamérica los ejércitos de Bolívar se ven acosados por los realistas. El Libertador, proscrito por enemigos generales, escapada hacia las Antillas y pasa a la Nueva Granada.
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Taking of Cartagena de Indias by the royalist army under the command of Pablo Morillo. Spanish soldiers regained control of the viceroyalty for a year, establishing a military junta to try and execute the rebels.
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Declaration of Independence of the United Provinces in South America (current Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, as well as Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil).
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Battle of Chacabuco. Beginning of the government of Bernardo O'Higgins in Chile. In Recife, Brazil, the Creoles lead a popular and nationalist revolt and attempt to create the Pernanbucan Republic, but are overthrown.
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the patriotic armies in Chile achieve victory over the royalists at the Battle of Maipú. Juan Pío de Montúfar, Marquis of Selva Alegre, prisoner in Spain, as well as President Alexandre Pétion, who is succeeded by Jean Pierre Boyer, dies.
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the Spanish were defeated in the battle of Pantano de Vargas and on August 7 in the battle of Boyacá. Gran Colombia is created, made up of Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador. Bolívar and Francisco Antonio Zea are named president and vice president, respectively.
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On October 9, Guayaquil proclaims itself independent, creates its board of directors and dictates the Constitution.
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Venezuela consolidates its independence with the defeat of the Spanish in the battle of Carabobo.
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Bolívar defeats the Spanish in the Battle of Bomboná.
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In Venezuela the royalist forces are defeated in Maracaibo and Puerto Cabello. In Pasto, Colombia, there is a rebellion against Bolívar. The Mexican emperor Agustín de Iturbide resigned and the republic was proclaimed.
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Constitution of the Federal Republic of Central America, which will bring together Costa Rica, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua, until its dissolution in 1856.
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Declaration of Independence of the Provinces of Upper Peru, now Bolivia. Bolivian National Day.
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The congress of Panama called by Bolívar is installed. The attempt to unite the new nations fails.
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In Bogotá, the failed attack against Bolívar took place, in which, thanks to the intervention of Manuela Sáez, he managed to escape from his enemies. Grancolombiana unity is cracking. Peru enters the war against Bolivia, invades Ecuador and attacks Guayaquil.
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First national constitution of Uruguay
June 4th. Assassination of Antonio José de Sucre in the mountains of Berrueco, near Pasto, Colombia. August 14. Independence of the current Ecuador from Gran Colombia. December 17. Simón Bolívar dies in Santa Marta, Colombia.