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Abu-bakr was the father in law of Muhammad. Since they were family they had to stick together. They both belived in the religion that Muhammad was spreadin across the Muslims.
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Muhammad went on a journey to pray. He went up a mountain, and he never ate for days. As he prayed high in the mountains, he was schocked by the god that was infront of him. Gabriel asked him to be his messenger.
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Muhammad moved from the city of Mecca to Medina. This was because the merchants in Mecca did not aprove his religion. The merchants belived he would lower trade.
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The Muslims grew rapidly to spread the entire Arabian Peninsula. This all happened after the death of Muhammad. This lead to many new leaders to come up. One of those was his son and his son in law.
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Ali was the cousin and the son in law of Muhammad. He ruled for about 5 years. He was killed in the year of 661 A.D. The people did not like how he was ruiling the town.
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The Umayyad dynasty faced a lot of ups and downs. There were many leaders that had to take over because they were killed or ran over. This lead to the dynasty to fall.
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After the fall of the Umayyads dynasty, the Abbasids took over. They wanted to be better then the Umayyads and make their people better. There were many groups that got together to be the new dynasty
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The Abbasids moved the capital because they beat the Umayyads in a war. They made many attacks on the Umayyad's groups and took all of them out. They tried to kill the Umayyad families, so there will not be a new leader.
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The first crusade was in Europe and the Middle East. This had many attacks on most parts of Europe. People were forced to leave their homes because of these attacks, This was not the only Crusade that has happened.
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The fall of the Abbasids was because of the leaders. They had many problems with the Shia muslims. The Shia muslims wanted change and the Abbisads did not want to change anything.
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The Shia and the Sunni both had different believes and this lead to them splitting up. Sunni wanted the family members of a ruler to be the next ruler and the Shia believed there should be votes. This made them split into two and had different leaders now.
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The house of wisdom was meant to study literature and other subjects. This brought many people to come and study there, from all over the world. They had to translate many readings so everyone can understand it.
