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Abu-Bakr was born in mecca.He was muhammads closest companion, Muhammad was also married to his daughter. He was his companion on his journey to medina,
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The prophet Muhammad recieved a message from the angel Gabriel callling Muhammad to be messenger of god. He also urged arabs to give up idol worship and sumbit to one god. Islam means sumbmission.
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Muhammad had few followers initially. Merchants in Mecca did not want to reject their gods or stob arrabs from traveling to mecca. fearing his life muhammad flees to medina.
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Muhammad died in 632 but he had not yet named a sucessor. people thought that the closest surviving blood should be next ruler. They elected 3 of Muhammads most trusted companions.
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Ali was the first caliph. He reigned many of the empires through its difficult times. They considered his style the islamic code of law.
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The umayyad dynasty began in 661 C.E. Umayyad came to power and chose Mu'hawya as the fifth caliph. Mu'awiya ruled at a time where muslims fought about their natures government, Thereforey , the Umayyads were the first dynasty to rule the islamic empire.
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The umayyad dynasty started having many problems when they started opposing their rulers .The abbassids brought down the umayyads down in 750 and killed many umayyads family members,
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The house of wisdom was basically a library, Many prophets when their to make their teachings. It was pretty useful.
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The First Crusade was an attempt to re-capture Jerusalem. The muslims captured jerusalem. Constantinople played a big role and he also feared his place will be taken over of.
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this eastward shift allowed some independent dynasties to form in the west.The umayyad empire form apart from the main abassid empire.The capital was moved to bahgdad.
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The persian arab coalition challenged the umayyad dynasty. The abassids seized power over muslim lands. They moved their capital toBaghdad.
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It brought the abassids conflict with the chinese. chinese and muslim fought in central asia at the battle of talas. the muslim army was victorious.
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The split of the Suni and shia was a very violent time. what separates these two is the question of who would be a more sucessful leader after muhammads death. Both of these practiced muslim yet they practiced it differently.
