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632: Muhammad died and people began to wonder, who would lead the Muslim faith.
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Many believe it was because Muhammad realized that his failure to name a successor would create discord in his ummah or community of believers.
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634-644 and 644-656: Umar & Uthman carried off where Abu left off and completed the standardization of the Quran
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634- Caliph Abu Baker declared jihad or holy war, on Byzantine Empire, which peopled mostly by Greek- speaking christians.
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652: The Quran was finished and all other versions were destroyed
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-In 656, Ali became the head of the Muslim state.
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634-644 and 644-656: Umar & Uthman carried off where Abu left off and completed the standardization of the Quran
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Ali remains a controversial figure in the eyes of many Muslims.
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“(661–750) A new set of rulers called the Umayyad Dynasty doubled the size of the empire by adding North Africa, Spain, and parts of Central Asia.”
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By 750 Arabs and their conquered territories stretched from Atlantic ocean to India.
