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Ali becomes the fourth caliph after the death of Uthman ibn Affan. He promised to bring promise of bringing justice and organization to the Muslim community -
A war breaks out between Ali's forces and those of Aisha, Talha, and Zubair near Basra. It is first major battle in the First Fitna (Islamic civil war).Battle was between followers of Caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib and Meccans led by one of Muhammad's wives, Aishah, protesting Ali's failure to arrest and punish the murderers of his predecessor, Uthman. Named for the camel on which Aishah sat. -
Took place between Ali's Army and those of Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan in Syria .Muawiya's were seeking vengeance for the murder of Uthman. Muawiya led supporters to believe that Ali was responsible for the death of Uthman. The battle ends inconclusively and led to peaceful negotiations.It is named after its location 'Siffin' on lands of the Euphrates. The battle is considered part of the First Fitna and a major step towards the establishment of the Umayyad Caliphate. -
Ali and Muawiya agree to resolve their differences through arbitration. They decided that Uthman had been killed wrongfully and that Mu'awiya had the right to seek revenge. However, It only resulted in further division within the Muslim community. -
A battle between Ali's forces and the Kharijites former allies that turned against them.there was a failed attempt to regain their loyalty due to their rebellious and murderous activities. Unfortunately, The war resulted in a split between the group and the rest of the Muslims. -
Ali was fatally wounded by an assassin named Abd-al-Rahman ibn Muljam with a poisonous sword over the head while in morning prayer in Kufa. 2 days later he died due to his injuries, marking it the end of his caliphate. -
Alis burial site of Shi'a Islam is considered to Muslims as the fourth holiest Islamic site.His burial place stayed a secret until the 8th century. His tomb was said to have been burned and rebuilt in 1086, before being rebuilt yet again in about 1500. Currently it is now the Mosque of Ali, located in Najaf, Iraq, -
After Ali's died, his son Hasan ibn Ali takes over the role of the 5th caliph. He eventually gives up and quits due to Mu'awiya threatening the Prophet's grandson with continued warfare and convinced him to renounce his claim to the caliphate. marking the end of the First Fitna. -
Youngest son of Ali. The battle emerged as a result of a dispute over the rightful leadership of the Muslim community.(never ending). Entire family died, friends, and supports exempt for his 6 month old son.They all refused to pledge to allegiance to Yazid. -
681-700 The legacy of Caliph Ali continues to play a pivotal role in Islam and its history, particularly in the development of Shia Islam, where Ali is reversed back to as the correct successor to Prophet Muhammad.