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The king Henry VIII was made “Supreme Head of the Church of England” and led to a schism: England broke from the Roman Catholic Church. -
Popular rebellions against the Henrician Reformation that lasted six months and which were considered as the greatest rebellions ever faced by a Tudor monarch. -
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Under Mary I's reign: Protestantism was confined to secrecy and heretics were burned (over 200).
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The queen made this speech in order to rally the troops who were preparing to repel the invasion of the Spanish Armada. -
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A political act:
- abolished the authority of the Pope
- restored the authority of the Queen over the Church
- she became “Supreme Governor of the Church of England“ -
A religious act/belief:
- every parish had to use the Book of Common Prayer
- people who did not attend an Angelican service were fined -
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The Pope Pius V excommunicated Elizabeth I through its papal bull:"Regnans in Excelsis" . -
It made it treason for anyone to say that Elisabeth I was not the true Queen of England and Wales. -
It is a conspiracy devised by a small group of Catholics in order to blow up Parliament and kill the King James I. -
It was a plan submitted to the King James I and Parliament, and was an attempt to increase Crown income and ultimately rid it of debt. It led to the Thirty Years'War -
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Between 1629 and 1640, it was called "The Personal Rule" as Charles I ruled himself without calling a parliament in eleven years.
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It is a petition submitted by Parliament where they request the King to recognize the illegality of extra-parliamentary taxation, billeting, martial law, imprisonment without trial. They wanted to get Charles to recognize that there were limits to his powers -
After the Scots invaded England and emerged victorious, a Peace Treaty was signed. Charles was forced to pay the cost if the Scots’ army. -
It is an important document voted by Parliament after heated debates, it summarized all the wrong doing of Charles I and concluded on “revolutionary” demands. It divided Parliament into two groups: The Parliamentarians and The Royalists. -
Between 1642 and 1646 the Parliamentarians and the Royalists fought and after four years of battle, in May 1646, the King and the Royalists surrounded. It was a victory for Parliament.
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Colonel Pride (king's army) entered the House of Commons to stop the vote and arrested the 45 conservative leader MPs but some MPs escaped. The Rump Parliament put the King on trial for high treason. -
In November, the King escaped from army custody and allied himself with the Scots: he promised to introduce Calvinism into England and in return the Scottish army would have invade England and restore him to power.
It led to the second civil war that was made of series of revolts in the South of England, Wales and Scotland. -
On 30 January 1649, the King Charles I was executed.
On March 1649, England was declared a Commonwealth and the monarchy was abolished. -
It is England’s first and only written constitution. It was written under the Protectorate led by Oliver Cromwell. -
It is a military dictatorship which is similar to a monarchy but without a King. It was led by Oliver Cromwell between 1653 and 1659.
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It sets limits to the royal prerogatives of James II under his monarchy. It led to the development of a constitutional monarchy. -
It settled the order of succession and ensured a Protestant succession, ignoring dozens of Catholic heirs. It played a key role in the formation of the Kingdom of Great Britain. -
It created the United Kingdom of Great Britain: England (and Wales) and Scotland.