Grito de Dolores, Battle of Monte de las Cruces, and other crucial events in Mexico's fight for Independence
By 17carlos4852
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Period: to
Mexican Wars of Independence
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Conspiracies - Initiation
Event: Meetings of conspiracies were taken place, they included Doña Josefa Ortiz de Dominguez, Miguel Hidalgo, Ignacio Allende, etc.
Importance: These conspiracies were later discovered, causing the Independence movement to arrive prior to what they planned. -
Discovery - Initiation
Event: Word was spread that the conspiracy was discovered, and they were planning to arrest all of the people involved, including Miguel Hidalgo.
Importance: Even though it took Allende 3 days to reach Hidalgo, he notified Hidalgo in time to accelerate the independence cry. -
Grito de Dolores - Initiation
Event: Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla was notified by Allende that the conspiracy had been discovered, so they acted immediately. He rang the bells of the church in Dolores, and cried for independence. This event was called Grito de Dolroes. It happened before dawn, and he used the symbol of Virgen de Guadalupe to attract followers into joining the crusade
Importance: This event was what started the Independence movement in Mexico. We remember this day every year with parties and celebrations. -
Alhondiga de Granaditas - Initiation
Event: Hidalgo’s army entered Guanajuato, Guanajuato. The Spanish were hiding in the Alhondiga de Granaditas, along with their riches. The Pípila, was able to enter the fortress, with a large stone on his back to avoid shootings. The door of the warehouse was lit on fire, and it granted access to the warriors.
Importance: This was one of the first battles they fought against the Spanish, this was what marked their success. The independence movement was successful because of these characters. -
Battle of Monte de Las Cruces - Initiation
Event: Battle of Monte de Las Cruces. It happened in between Mexico City and Toluca. Mexican Insurgents led by Miguel Hidalgo and Ignacio Allende vs Royal Spanish Army led by General Trujillo. The Spanish wanted to stop them before they reached the capital, but once they won, Miguel Hidalgo went to Guanajuato instead.
Importance: While Hidalgo had the chance to end things by going to Mexico City, his army was somewhat weak. Though, this battle showed that the Spanish could be defeated. -
Battle of Bridge of Calderon - Resistance
The insurgent army met with the royal army in guadalajara. They fought for many hours, the spanish were outnumbered by the indians, but were much better equipped and trained. When they hit the munitions dump, the indians scattered, ran around scared. The Spanish killed them off.
Importance: this loss made Hidalgo and Allende and some of the army to run off to the United States-Mexico border. They were then captured, tried and/or executed. -
Hidalgo's Execution - Initiation
Event: Hidalgo was executed. Prior to that, he was tried in court, and then found guilty. His body mutilated, his head was showcased in front of people in Guanajuato, as a warning sign.
Importance: After his death, the Mexican insurgents had no leaders left, Allende was also executed. This resulted in new leaders rising, especially one that was a Spaniard. -
Battle of Temalaca - Consolidation
Battle of Temalaca, lead by Jose Maria Morelos in the city of Temalaca in November 5, 1815. Once again, the Spanish Forces, led by Manuel de la Concha, defeated the Mexicans.
Importance: After this, Morelos was captured and later executed. Regardless, the Mexican Army continued to fight for another 6 years. -
Plan de Iguala - Consummation
Plan de Iguala was issued by Agustin de Iturbide, which included the three guarantees: Mexico would be governed by a european (or mexican) monarch, the Roman Catholic Church would continue to have power, and that the Criollos are equal to the Peninsulares. Importance: This plan was great for those who were conservative, and now these conservatives were most likely to join the Independence movement. Still there were many injustices. -
Independence was finally achieved - Consummation
Agustin de Iturbide’s and Vicente Guerrero’s troops. They were defending the 3 guarantees: religion, independence and unity. the Spanish army finally gave up in August. In September 27, 1821 Iturbide’s army entered Mexico City, won the battle and declared Mexico Independent.
Importance: Mexicans celebrate the initiation of the Independence Movement, rather than when it ended, because some people believe true independence was never really achieved.
