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Losses in this war, the first Civil War, were devastating, and Ali became wholly dependent upon the besiegers of Uthman.
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Ali ibn Abi Talib succeeds Uthman to become the fourth and final caliph of the Rashidum Caliphate
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The murder of Caliph Uthman causes the eruption of the First Fitna (civil war). Muawiya surfaces as a major opposer of the Rashidun Caliphate.
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This was a series of negotiations and skirmishes that undermined the authority of Ali as the fourth caliph and prepared for the establishment of the next dynasty.
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Ali ibn Abi Talib moves his empire's capital to Kufa in Iraq in an attempt to restore a non violent atmosphere in Kufa.
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Ibn Muljam, in order to wed a woman, stabbed Ali with a poison-coated sword at the Great Mosque of Kufa. After Ali's death, Muljam was executed by Hasan ibn Ali in retaliation.