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Muslim, non-Arab rebels from the Darfur Liberation Front (DLF) attack a Sudanese air base in Al-Fashir. The DLF splits into the: Sudan Liberation Movement/Army (SLM/A) and Justice and Equality Movement (JEM)
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The Sudanese government makes andexchange. It tells the nomadic tribes to resolve the conflict with the rebels in exchange of land.
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The nomadic tribes form militias and call themselves the Janjaweed ("devils on horseback" in Arabic). They abduct, rape, loot, and murder, such terrible crimes yet they go scot-free. The Sudanese government also supplies them with weapons.
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By the end of 2003, 1 million Darfuris are displaced and 100,000 have become refugees in Sudan's neighboring country.
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The UN Refugee Agency built refugee camps for refugees. Now 185,000 refugees are signed up for the camps. Still, there are safety issues as the Chad and Sudan border is very conquerable.
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The involved groups (African Union, Sudanese Government, SLM/A, JEM) agree to the ceasefire. But, the attacks in Darfur continue
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The African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS) sends 7,000 troops to Darfur. But they are not enough to stop the attcks from happening.
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U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell declares the conflict a genocide. The UN still doesn't agree that it is a genocide
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There are about 2 million people displaced and 100,000 killed
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The Sudanese government and the SLM/A sign a peace treaty. This should result in ceasefire. This ends the Second Sudanese Civil War.
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UN authorizes sanctions on those who violate the ceasefire. The International Criminal Court (ICC) tries to investigate the war crimes but the Sudanese government does not cooperate. The attacks continue and now there are more than 200,000 refugees in Chad.
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Peace negotiations are being made with the Janajaweed.
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After its investigation, the ICC arrests former Sudanese Minister of State, Ahmad Harun, and the leader of Janjaweed, Ali Kushayb.
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With not much success, the UN establishes a hybrid peacekeeping operation. Yet the full deployment is slow.
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Following the ICC's investigation, Omar al-Bashir, Sudan's president is arrested for war crimes.
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The JEM, the biggest rebel group signs a peace accord with the Sudanese government. But it doesn't work out due to smaller rebel groups.
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Trying to stop the violence in Darfur, South Sudan is a new country. Still, the violence in Darfur continues.
