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The first wave of Muslims fled into Iberia which is present day Spain and Portugal
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In 721 the army of Eudes, Christian duke of Aquitaine, defeated an Umayyad invasion force at Toulouse.
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In 730 the Umayyad caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik appointed a new governor, Abd al-Rahman al-Ghafiqi, of the Iberian Muslim state, known in Arabic as al-Andalus.
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In October 732 Charles positioned the Frankish army, which was made up entirely of armored infantrymen equipped with heavy shields and long spears, between the Muslim invasion force and the monastery of St. Martin.
