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Isabella and Ferdinand unified Spain and began a cooperative reign that would unite all the dominions of Spain. -
Henry VIII resigned in England because his disagreement with Pope Clement VII about such an annulment led Henry to initiate the English Reformation, which separated the Church of England from papal authority.
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After Elizabeth’s sister's death she took reign and was considered the most glorious and educated in English.
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The Edict of Nantes was signed to grant Calvinist Protestant partial rights to the nation of France.
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Don Quixote it is a Spanish novel by Miguel de Cervantes. It was published and considered by many to be the first modern and one of the greatest novels of all time. -
A series of wars fought in many nations for a variety of reasons over the span of thirty years.
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An English constitutional document setting out specific individual protections against the state, and said to be of equal value to the Magna Carta and the Bill of Rights (1689).
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The Long Parliament first met in November of 1640, and they were almost unanimous in their condemnation of the non-parliamentary policies of the Personal Rule. -
Louis XIV was the king of France for many years, and ruled his country principally from his great palace at Versailles.
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This document was signed to end the Thirty Years War.
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Charles II was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651. He was King of England, Scotland and Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685.
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Hobbes' book helped shape Western political thinking. The main idea of his work is that "the natural basic state of humankind is one of anarchy, with the strong dominating the weak." Essentially he proposes that society should self-divide, and not be divided by man. -
Peter the Great was Tsar and later the Emperor of Russia. He spent some time co-reigning with his half brother.
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This took place to permanently establish Parliament as the ruling power of England and the United Kingdom representing a shift from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy.
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The “Two Treatises of Government” proposed that the government emerges from the consent of the government to protect their natural rights.
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This document was established to keep the monarchy from declaring rules without consent. -
In 1704, Bach composed Toccata and Fugue in D minor, arguably his most famous piece.
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The first edition of the famous castaway tale, The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe. It was written by Daniel Defoe, yet his name does not appear anywhere in this version.
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Swift published "The Gulliver’s Travels" to illustrate how the English government and society needed a reformation.
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Frederick II's daring military tactics expanded and consolidated Prussian lands.
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This work discusses the core of a good government. Essentially what makes a good government, and it compares the types of government, such as monarchy and democracy.
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A general encyclopedia published in France.
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The last major conflict before the French Revolution, which involved all the great powers of Europe.
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1759 Voltaire published the story Candide in 1759, which was considered an undisputed masterpiece.
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Both the kingdoms of Ireland and Great Britain were in a personal union under George III until the Acts of Union 1800 merged them on January 1st, 1801. George then became King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Rousseau published Social Contract in 1762 to establish moral and political rules of behavior.
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Catherine came to power after she overthrew her husband, Peter III.
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Joseph II is most known for ordering the abolition of serfdom.
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This battle began when a group of nine British soldiers shot five people in a crowd of three or four hundred, who were harassing them verbally and throwing various projectiles. -
A group of colonists destroyed a large British tea shipment by dumping it in the Boston Harbor. -
These were a series of punitive laws passed by the British Parliament after the Boston Tea Party. -
These battles were the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War. -
"Wealth of Nations" is a work that discusses political economy and how nations gain their wealth.
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The document was engrossed on parchment and on August 2, 1776, delegates began signing it. -
The Battle of Yorktown ended the Revolutionary War. The British government surrendered to the Americans for peace. -
The Treaty of Paris was signed in September of 1783, between the American colonies and Great Britain. This formally ended the American Revolution. -
The US's new government was enacted when 9 out of the 13 new states ratified it.
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The Tennis Court Oath set off the French Revolution. Members of the French Third Estate took the Tennis Court Oath in Versailles. -
A crowd of people seized control of Bastille, a medieval armory, fortress, and political prison. -
Marquis de La Fayette, the principal author of the Declaration, collaborated with Thomas Jefferson, who had been influenced in turn by Magna Carta, to write the Declaration of the Rights of Man.is a human civil rights document from the French Revolution. It is a human civil rights document from the French Revolution.
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Crowds of Parisian market women marched on Versailles, demanding reform.
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This document was written by French activist, feminist, and playwright Olympe de Gouges in response to the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.
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Mary Wollstonecraf was a British philosopher and women's rights advocate. She published "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman" in 1792 as a way to advocate women's rights.
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The monarchy was abolished and a republic was established. Once the radicals gained control, people who were against the revolution could be arrested or executed.
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A single-chamber assembly in France, which was elected to provide a new constitution for the country after they overthrew the monarchy.
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A period of the French Revolution when a series of massacres and numerous public executions took place.
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A committee of the National Convention which formed the provisional government and war cabinet during the Reign of Terror in France.
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France was ruled by a five-man executive committee called the Directory, and had a legislature of two chambers.
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Napoleon became Emperor of France under the name Napoleon I. -
The battle of Austerliz is also known as the Battle of the Three Emperors. It was one of the most important and decisive engagements of the Napoleonic Wars. -
A naval engagement that was between the British Royal Navy and the combined fleets of the French and Spanish Navies. -
The Battle of Leipzig is also known as the Battle of the Nations. The armies of Austria, Prussia, Sweden, and Russia defeated the army of Napoleon. -
Napoleon abdicated the throne, and, in the Treaty of Fontainebleau, was banished to the Mediterranean island of Elba. -
A series of international meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of Napoleon.
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Napoleon was exiled for the second time to St. Helena, having escaped his previous exile from Elba. This occured after he was defeated by the British at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.