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Jan 1, 700
The Vikings
In the eighth century, the first sighting of a group of people called the Vikings were seen. The Vikings lived as farmers, craftsmen, fishermen or traders before giving up those jobs to travel the seas, raiding other countries, stealing fortunes and weapons and killing people who stood up to them. The Vikings were ruthless sailors. -
Oct 14, 1066
Battle of Hastings
The Battle of Hastings occurred on the 14/10/1066 during the Norman conquest of England, between the Norman-French army under the orders of Duke William 2nd of Normandy and fighting the English army under the orders of King Harold the 2nd. The fight started between Duke William 2nd promised the throne but King Harold 2nd claimed it. In the end King Harold 2nd was killed in battle, the English lost and Duke William 2nd gained the King’s throne and becoming the first King of Norman. -
Nov 27, 1095
The First Crusade
The First Crusade took place started on the 27th of November 1095. It was a military expedition by the Roman Catholic Europe to take back the Holy Lands taken in the Muslim conquests. This was resulting in the recapture of Jerusalem in 1099. The crusade was launched by Pope Urban the 2nd. The cause was the Muslims threatened Pope Urban the 2nd and the Pope called on the crusade.
The effect was the crusaders captured Jerusalem and other regions and the cause of the 2nd Crusade -
Jan 1, 1145
The Second Crusade
The Second Crusade was the 2nd major crusade launched in Europe. What caused this crusade was the discovery of the County of Edessa and to defeat the Muslims for threatening Holy Lands. The effect of this crusade was it was a massive fail and didn’t take over County of Edessa. The crusade was led by to religions the Christians and the Muslims. -
Sep 2, 1192
The Third Crusade
The Third Crusade 2/9/1192, also called the King’s Crusade was an attempt by European leaders to reconquer the Holy Land from Saladin. Its ultimate goal was to capture Jerusalem once again but failed. It was caused by Christians wanting to reconquer what was once theirs, The Holy Land of Saladin. The effect was the Europeans regained The Holy Land of Saladin. -
Jan 1, 1201
The Fourth Crusade
The Fourth Crusade occurred not long after the Third Crusade. Pope Innocent the third decided to launch another crusade against the Egyptians because the Egyptians had conquered Jerusalem. After the Third Crusade hopes of reconquering the Holy Land was minimal but the Pope was confident and determined to reconquer the Holy Land. -
Jan 1, 1215
The Fifth Crusade
After the Fourth Crusade, Pope Innocent the third wanted to order another crusade but the Christian leaders were arguing against each other so the Pope ask the Christians if they wanted another crusade. Since the second, third and fourth crusades were a failure the Pope wanted to succeed, the Christians agreed. This crusade, they wanted defeat the Egyptians and reconquer the Holy Land. They failed again. -
Jan 1, 1222
The Sixth Crusade
Shortly after the Fifth Crusade Roman Emperor launched the Sixth Crusade because he felt guilty that about leading a failed crusade. It was this same reason again, they wanted to reconquer the Holy Land for the fourth time since the Second Crusade. This crusade was a success, they reconquered the Holy Land. -
Jan 1, 1346
The Start of the Black Death
The Black Death or the Bubonic Plague originated in Central Asia, 1346. This tragic plaque first infected a Mongolian soldier. He died and other people became infected by the second. This was the start of the terrible pandemic known as the Black Death and during this pandemic, there was an average of 600 deaths per day. To bury these people they put them in mass graves containing an average of 10 000 people. -
Jan 1, 1347
The Flagellants
The flagellants were a group of people, ranging from about 300- 400 people. They would walk through towns and cities, whipping themselves. Since they lacked the technology to find the real reason why the Black Death occurred, they thought that God spread the disease through the air. The flagellants whipped themselves to get God’s forgiveness and relieve their sins. Of course this didn’t work because they didn’t have the technology or the brains to understand what cause the Black Death. -
Oct 1, 1347
The Black Death Entered Europe
In October, 1347, Genoese trading ships landed on the shores Of Sicily, Italy. The trading ships contained dead victims whose lives had already been taken by the pandemic, infected men who had caught the disease and infected rats that were hiding in the cargo. Once the ships had landed they dumped the cargo that contained the hidden, infected rats, the rats then travelled through the cities and towns, spreading the disease. -
Jan 1, 1352
The End of the Black Death
The Black Death ended in 1352, its last victims were the Russians. By the time the plague entered Russia it had already left Europe, killing approximately 20 million Europeans, that is about one third of Europe’s population. The Black Death mainly affected Europe because of the devastating death toll and until this, historians don’t know the death toll of Asia or North Africa. -
Jan 1, 1360
Reoccurences of the Plague
After 8 years recovery from the Black Death, it reoccurred, twice. The first reoccurrence of the plague was in 1360 and the second reoccurrence was in 1369. This killed many more people and this led to the Great Plague of London which occurred in 1665- 1666. -
Jan 1, 1503
The Mona Lisa
From sometime between 1503 and 1506, Leonardo Da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa. He was living in Florence, Italy at the time and the Mona Lisa is known as the greatest painting of all time. The painting is of a women called Lisa Gherardini. This portrait is still hung today in the most visited museum Louvre Museum. In 1911 it was stolen but was then later found. -
Jan 1, 1543
Christianity in Japan
Portuguese merchants landed on Japanese shores. The foreigners brought cargo containing tools, equipment and delicacies but also introduced an unfamiliar religion to the Japanese. This religion was called Christianity. This religion spread across Japan quickly and became very popular in but it was only popular for a short period of time. -
Jun 28, 1575
The Arquebus being used at the Battle of Nagashino
After 26 years, the arquebus (a rifle that was introduced by the Portuguese in 1549) was used by Oda Nobunaga showed his army of samurai the destructive power of arquebus at the battle of Nagashino. Oda Nobunaga used the sheer power of the arquebus on the Takeda clan. His army then used the arquebus throughout the battle of Nagashino. -
Treaty between America and Japan
Commodore Matthew Perry led a fleet of naval American ships departed the shores of America to sail to Edo Bay, Japan. Matthew Perry carried a letter that was sent by the President of the United States of America, it contained a treaty between America and Japan. The Americans had powerful weapons so Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu couldn’t decline the treaty so he was basically forced to sign the treaty. -
Resignation of Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu
Three Tozama Daimyo from western Japan and a couple of court nobles Edo (Tokyo) demanded that Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu should resign from his position. Over those next few days, after the three Tozama Daimyo talked to the Shogun the pressure started to build in the Shogun’s mind and he resigned from his position. This was one of the first few steps to conquering the Shoguns and ending their reign over Japan. -
End of the Shoguns Reign
Three demanding Tozama Daimyo and their trustworthy followers ordered that the superior ruler of Japan, Emperor Meji should terminate the Tokugawa Bakufu, the Bakufu had more power than the emperor at the time. A Bakufu is like a government that in force the law and their rules. The three Tozama Daimyo were so persuasive that Emperor Meji followed the three Tozama Daimyo's orders and destroyed the Tokugawa Bakufu. This ended the seven centuries of Shogun reign over Japan. -
The Rule of King Charlemagne
King Charlemagne reigned over a massive region, like the Romans for 43 years. He created a central government to keep peace throughout his region which covered most of Western Europe. He forced Christianity as the main religion and most people liked King Charlemagne because he was a kind- hearted man. On Christmas Day 800 A.D. he was crowned as Imperator Augustus. He died of old age in his 70's.
