Timeline: World History Topics 1

5000 BCE

Middle Eastern Map

5000 BCE

Egyptians begin harvesting papyrus to make rope, sandals, baskets, and later paper

5000 BCE

Egyptian Society Divides into Upper, Middle, and Lower Classes

Period: 5000 BCE to 2000 BCE

Indo-European Origins and Migrations

These people were nomadic and lived along the steppes, and herded sheep, cattle, and goats. However they began to spread out and leave their Eurasian homes due to war and environmental changes.
The language of these people has influenced a lot of languages throughout the years. Today, this can include Latin, Germanic, Slavic, Baltic and Celtic languages.

4000 BCE

Hippocrates Becomes the First to View Medicine as a Science

He believed that diseases were a natural occurrence and that the body could heal itself. He worked with other doctors to share notes and records, and recommended everyone practice hygiene. He set down standards for ethical medical conduct that has guided medicine to where it is today.

3100 BCE

Sumerians Invent Cuneiform, the Oldest Writing System

3000 BCE

Narmer Becomes King of both Upper and Lower Egypt, starting the first Egyptian dynasty

3000 BCE

Sumerians Become the First to Make Tin and Copper from Bronze

3000 BCE

Sumerians Invent a Number System and 12-Month Calendar

Period: 3000 BCE to 1100 BCE

Bronze Age

1700 BCE

Hammurabi's Code is Created

1650 BCE

Hitties Become the First to Wield Iron

1200 BCE

Moses leads Israelites into Sinai Desert

This story is retold every Passover.

1200 BCE

Moses and the Israelites Promise to Reject other Gods and Follow Only One and His Laws

1200 BCE

Phoenicians Develop Alphabet With Written Symbols Representing Sounds

Period: 1200 BCE to 500 BCE

Iron Age

775 BCE

First Olympic Games are Held to Honor Zeus

750 BCE

Greeks Plant Olives and Grapes in Italy, and Introduce Their Alphabet

700 BCE

Homer Composes The Iliad and The Oddyssey

Period: 700 BCE to 336 BCE

Hellenic Period

Period: 650 BCE to 612 BCE

Assyrian Empires rules from Persian Gulf, to Egypt, to Asia Minor

However, it began dissolving due to mistreated conquered people rebelling

620 BCE

Roman Citizens are Divided into Patricians and Plebians under Etruscan Rule

500 BCE

The Royal Road is Built

This makes travel from Persia to Asia Minor more efficient and quicker, with stations along the way the provided food, water, and new horses.

500 BCE

Greeks Create Democracy

451 BCE

The Twelve Tables are Inscribed into Stone by Plebians

432 BCE

The Parthenon is Finished to Honor Athena

400 BCE

Tragedies Become a Popular for Theatrical Dramas

400 BCE

Thucydides Becomes the First Scientific Historian

He went to battle sites and recorded information, using many and truthful eyewitnesses as evidence. He rejected the idea that the gods influenced how people behaved. He only listed facts and used proof to explain why certain events and actions of people took place, so people in the future could learn from the past.

324 BCE

Alexander the Great Unites Empire to Take Revenge on Persians and Mixing Greek Culture with Others

Period: 323 BCE to 31 BCE

Hellenistic Period

300 BCE

Alexandria Becomes a Major Intellectual Center

It had the first museum with millions of books, a scientific research center, a zoo, and botanical garden.

300 BCE

Cynicism, Epicureanism and Stoicism Become Popular

200 BCE

Archimedes Sets the Basic Foundations and Principles of Physics

He invented the compound pulley and levers to move heavy objects easily, cylinder-screws used to lift water for irrigation, and the principle of buoyancy.

200 BCE

Hellenistic Doctors Dissect Corpses to Learn About Anatomy

They discovered the nervous system, studied the brain and liver, and worked with drugs to relieve pain.

200 BCE

Euclid Writes Book with All Information About Geometry

132 BCE

Attempts at Stabilizing Conflict between Rich and Poor Romans Ended with Bloodshed

Tiberius Gracchus proposed ways to unite the two sides by limiting the size of latifundia and providing the poor with land, causing enragement and him getting killed in a street fight. His brother suffered the same fate.

75 BCE

The Gaps Between the Rich and Poor Grew, Threatening Italy with Violent Uprisings

73 BCE

Roman Slave Spartacus Leads Slave Uprising

Spartacus put together an army of 70,000 fellow slaves to revolt against unfair treatment and freedom. However, by 71 B.C., they were defeated, but Rome spent a lot of money, lives of troops, and resources.

45 BCE

Julius Caesar Becomes a Great Ruler of Rome and Other Territories

After driving his political rival and his allies out, Caesar took control over the government in a monarchic style. He granted Roman citizenship to many, added individuals to the Senate if they were loyal, provided jobs and public work programs, and implemented the Julian calendar.

Period: 31 BCE to 180

Pax Romana Era

This translates to Roman Peace. During this time trade was boosted, standards of living raised, and many achievements in the arts were made.

27 BCE

Augustus Caesar Begins Roman Empire Reign and Rebuilding the City

Caesar began making reforms--Proconsuls (Roman governors) couldn't exploit the provinces, tax collectors had to be permanent government employees, grain was imported from N. Africa, and new roads were being built to connect.

14

A Reign of Unqualified Roman Emperors Follow After Augustus

Because of a lack of guidelines to becoming an emperor, a lot became so because they were part of Augustus's family. However, they didn't manage well. Good Emperors appeared after, but a few more bad emperors made an appearance.

100

Romans Begin Making Goods to Trade with Outsiders

Pottery, woven cloth, blown glass, and jewelry to trade with others within and out the empire. They traded with China, India, and SE. Asia to get things like spices and silk. Tin from Britain, Iron from Gaul, and lead from Spain.

160