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Ancient Rome was founded by the two brothers, known to be demi-gods, Romulus and Remus on 21 April 753 BCE. The legend claims that, in an argument over who would rule the city (or, in another version, where the city would be located) Romulus killed Remus and named the city after himself.
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it took nearly 250 years for the republic to start after the founding of rome
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the Romans faced a rebellion by their neighbouring Latin allies. After Rome emerged victorious, the settlement they imposed underpinned subsequent Roman conquests of Italy and overseas territories.
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fought over control of the island of Sicily, and many of the crucial clashes were naval battles.
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Rome ultimately emerged victorious, and the war marked the end of Carthage as a regional power.
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A wall was built across the North of England and marked the northern boundary of the Roman Empire
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spartucus would be a gladiator and a very strong soldier who plays many roles in the history of rome
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One of the most iconic ancient buildings in Rome, the completion of the structure was a massive celebration.
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Spartacus, a gladiator, leads an army of slaves in a series of battles. Spartacus and his men were caught and crucified
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Although far less well known than Caesar’s conquest of Gaul (58–51 BC), the exploits of Pompey in the eastern Mediterranean were more significant in the expansion of Rome.
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Most of the city is destroyed in a vast fire. Emperor Nero has often been blamed, but modern scholarship doubts this.
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After Julius Caesar wins the civil war, he establishes himself as a dictator for life and supreme ruler of Rome, thus ending the Roman Republic.
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On March 15th, known today as the Ides of March, Caesar is assassinated on the steps of the Senate by factions wishing to bring back the Republic
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The expansion of the empire destroyed the Roman Republic. Institutions designed for a small city-state could not rule a world empire. Above all, vast military campaigns required generals who commanded armies over wide territories for several years. By the last century BC, these generals would lead their armies against Rome and each other.
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Even though Caesar was a dictator, the first leader to call himself ''Emperor'' or Augustus was Octavius.
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In the 50 years between AD 235 and 284, the Roman empire suffered chronic political and military instability. Amid endemic civil wars and defeats at the hands of barbarians, emperors came and went with bewildering rapidity. The average reign was no more than 18 months, and many survived for much shorter periods.
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This vicious circle was finally halted, and the empire given breathing space, by the emperor Diocletian (r284–305). He created the tetrarchy: a ‘college’ of four rulers, one for each of the major frontiers, and one in reserve.
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This marks a change in the way that Christians were treated in Rome. Constantine himself became a Christian.
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At the battle of the Milvian Bridge in AD 312, the emperor Constantine sent his troops into combat with crosses painted on their shields. By the end of his life, he claimed that before the battle he had experienced a vision in which he was given the divine command: “in this sign conquer”. Constantine’s conversion to Christianity had a profound effect on European, and world, history.
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This will have an effect on the rest of European history to the present day
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In an effort to make administration of the vast empire easier, Rome becomes two separate empires (Western Roman Empire and Eastern Roman Empire) with two capitals and two rulers.
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This marks the beginning of the fatal weakening of Rome that would lead to its downfall.
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Romulus, the last of the Roman emperors in the west, was overthrown by the Germanic leader Odoacer, who became the first Barbarian to rule in Rome. The order that the Roman Empire had brought to western Europe for 1000 years was no more.
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The Byzantine Empire comes to an end as it falls to the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Turks capture Constantinople in 1453 A.D. It is renamed Istanbul in 1930.
