Emilia's 9th Grade World History Timeline

Sumer

4100 BCE

The civilization of Sumeria stands as the oldest known culture to have thrived in the Mesopotamian region, which is presently situated in Iraq.

Ancient Egypt

3000 BCE

Ancient Egypt is widely recognized as one of history's most innovative and fascinating societies. They strongly believed that their pharaohs were divine beings, and their impressive pyramids are a testament to their advanced architectural skills.

Ancient India

1500 BCE

India boasts a rich history that dates back to 1500 B.C. and extends until 500 C.E. During this era, it established a flourishing economy and actively engaged in international trade. Additionally, it is the birthplace of prominent religions, including Hinduism and Buddhism.

Ancient Greece

900 BCE

Ancient Greece had a profound impact on Western culture, particularly in the areas of architecture, art, poetry, and scientific progress.

Ancient Rome

753 BCE

Ancient Rome was one of the most powerful empires in the world, known for its remarkable achievements in architecture, engineering, law, and military tactics. It was founded in 753 BC and lasted for over a millennium, spanning three continents and ruling over millions of people. Rome's influence can still be seen today in its lasting legacy, from the Colosseum and aqueducts to the Latin language and Roman law.

Ancient China

400 BCE

The Yellow River Valley civilization in China has its roots dating back to around 400 B.C. This river, spanning over 2,900 miles across China, carries its unique yellow silt all the way from Mongolia to the Pacific Ocean.

Constantine Became Emperor

324

Constantine became emperor in 324 CE. He was the one to rebuild the greek colony of Byzantium and constructed the city of Constantinople.

Byzantine Empire

330

The Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, was a powerful state that emerged from the Roman Empire in the 4th century AD. It was centered around the city of Constantinople, which served as its capital and was the largest and wealthiest city in Europe during its time. The Byzantine Empire played a significant role in shaping the history of Europe and the Mediterranean.

Vandals Sacked Rome

455

The Vandals were a Germanic tribe. They sacked Rome in 455 AD where they pillaged for two weeks.

The Middle Ages

476

The Middle Ages, also known as the medieval period, spanned from the 5th to the 15th century in Europe. It was a time of great change and transformation, characterized by feudalism, the spread of Christianity, and the rise of powerful monarchies. The period is often associated with knights, castles, and chivalry, but it was also marked by significant advancements in science, literature, and art. It ended in between 1400 and 1450.

Clovis Became King of the Franks

481

Clovis became king at age 15. He was the founder of the Merovingian Dynasty which ruled for 200 years. He converted himself and most of his people to Christianity.

Birth of Muhammed

570

Muhammed, the last prophet and messenger of God in Islam, was born in the year 570. His suspected birthdate is August 29, 570 CE.

Islam

610

Ancient Islam refers to the Islam that existed during the time of the Prophet Muhammad and his immediate successors. During this period, the Islamic faith spread rapidly throughout the Arabian Peninsula, and beyond. The religion was founded on the principles of monotheism and submission to the will of God. The early Muslims faced many challenges, including persecution, but they remained steadfast in their beliefs.

Battle of Tours

729

The Battle of Tours was fought near the city of Tours, France on October 10, 732 between the Frankish army and the invading Muslim army from Spain.

Charlemagne Crowned Holy Roman Emperor

Dec 25, 800

Charlemagne was crowned the first Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo II on December 25, 800, restoring the Roman Empire since its dissolution in the 5th century.

Alfred Defeats the Danish

878

In a battle, King Alfred defeated the invading Danish armies in 878.

Christianity Reaches Russia

950

Christianity reached Russia in the 9th century. In the 950's Olga, the grandmother of Vladimir, was baptized.

Normandy Conquers England

Oct 14, 1066

William, the Duke of Normandy, led the Norman conquest of England in 1066 and won on October 14th of that year. His victory brought about significant political, administrative, and social changes in the British Isles.

First Crusade

1095

The Crusades, initiated by the Latin Church and led by Western European forces, were to take back the Holy Land that was under Muslim control. The first control was called in November 1095 by Pope Urban II. The crusade began with 60,000 soldiers and noncombatants. The first crusade was successful.

Genghis Khan Founded the Mongol Empire

1203

In 1206, Genghis Khan proved himself as one of the most successful military commanders in the world's history by founding the Mongol Empire. Through his leadership, he united various nomadic tribes in the Mongol heartland and established the largest land empire ever known to mankind, stretching from Eastern Europe to China.

The Renaissance Era

1300

The Renaissance was a period of great cultural, artistic, and intellectual growth in Europe that began in Italy in the 14th century and lasted until the 17th century. It marked a transition from medieval times to modernity and was characterized by a renewed interest in classical learning, humanism, and scientific discovery. The era produced some of the greatest artists, thinkers, and writers in history and had a profound impact on the development of Western civilization.

The Hundred Years' War Ends

1453

The Hundred Years' War was a prolonged period of conflict between England and France, originating from a succession dispute when Edward III of England made a claim to the French throne. Despite facing opposition from the French nobility, the war persisted for 116 years, divided into three distinct phases: Edwardian, Caroline, and Lancasterian. Although the war officially came to an end in 1453, it wasn't until 1475 that a peace treaty was finally signed.

The Protestant Reformation

1517

The Protestant Reformation was a major religious movement that began in the 16th century, led by figures such as Martin Luther and John Calvin. The movement sought to reform the Catholic Church and challenged many of its teachings and practices. The Reformation resulted in the formation of new Protestant denominations and had a significant impact on Europe and the world.