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The French word for 'rebirth' brings inspiration from classical Greek and Roman arts, literature, and architecture. many famous artist came from this period including; Castiglione, Machiavelli, Vinci, Buonarroti, and Michelangelo.
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The black death was a plague that that killed a lot of people in Europe. It spread rapidly, and forced people to be segregated and since so many died there was extra money. Which was used to help fund the start of the Renaissance.
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Gutenberg's invention of mechanical movable type printing started the printing revolution. It is the most important event of the modern period.It played a key role in the development of the renaissance, reformation, the age of enlightenment, and the scientific revolution.
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Columbus set sail in search for a trade rout straight to Asia without going around Africa. What he wasn't prepared for was running into the South American continent in the west indies. From there, he declared he was the first to discover America.
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The famous painting of The creation of Adam was made by Michelangelo. The painting is on the roof of the Sistine chapel. Where many go to visit it today to see his masterpiece.
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The start of Reformation. This religious schism divided Europe's spiritual permanently. It was influenced by Humanist thinking. A mark of the Renaissance.
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Spain got rich from the gold from South America. Don Quixote helped with it to from his writings and other paintings that some made.
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The Huguenots were French protestants that were not like by Catholics. They had many wars and battles over it and a lot of the Huguenots had to flee.
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The Armada sailed with more than 130 ships, 20,000 men, and 2,400 pieces of artillery. Was a force to be reckoned with until they went down.
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Charles got the thrown from Henry. He was the second son of King James the VI.
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King Louis XIV of France led an absolute monarchy during France’s classical age. He revoked the Edict of Nantes and is known for his aggressive foreign policy.
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The first major Enlightenment figure in England was Thomas Hobbes. He caused great controversy with the release of Leviathan. Hobbes felt that by nature, people were selfish and only wanted to gather a limited number of resources. He said to keep balance it was necessary to have a single, harsh ruler.
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James II was king of England and disliked Parliament. He was also Catholic. Parliament overthrew James II. Parliament assigned a new king and queen, and made the crown and parliament equal in power.
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John Locke thought a different type of government was needed. A representative government. With this the people would represent and give power to the government and not just have the government run everything.
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The inventor John Kay invented a mechanism called the flying shuttle. It flew back and fourth through the loom to help make the process of making cloth faster and easier.
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Diderot published the Encyclopedia. It was considered the most important work of his lifetime. Filled with 10 volumes of books that took him 14 years.
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In 1764 James Hargreaves invented the spinning jenny. This allowed weavers to double their productivity. This meant that one man could do the work of over eight other people to make the company more money.
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James Watt improves the steam engine. It is used to lift coal out of mines and drive great hammers in the iron industry and to power spinning and weaving machines such as the Spinning Jenny and the Flying Shuttle.
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The first shots that were fired between the Americans and the British. The British marched there because the Americans had weapons there. They were marching on Concord and passed through Lexington. The first shot was considered "The Shot Heard 'Round the World".
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The British under the command of General William Howe and American forces under Colonel William Prescott. The British attacked. With limited ammunition, Prescott told his men, "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes." The Americans fired until they were out of ammunition, then quickly retreated.
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The Americans showed out and won the Battle of Saratoga. That helped colonists gain the support of France.
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The last battle in the war.Here America finally made the British surrender with the help of France.
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Was signed to show that the war was over and done with. Also told that Britain was no longer a power in America and had to leave.
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The members of the French Estates-General for the Third Estate, begun to call themselves the National Assembly. They took the Tennis Court Oath vowing to not separate, and to reassemble wherever circumstances require, until the constitution of the was perfect.
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A large group of women in a Paris marketplace began to revolt. They wanted to buy bread for their families so they begun to march through Paris demanding bread at a fair price. As they marched, more people joined the group and soon there were thousands of marchers.
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The Estates-General was an assembly that King Louis XVI set up to come up with solutions to France's financial crisis. It was made up of three groups.The clergy, the nobility, and the commons. They had so much conflict that the commoners started the French Revolution.
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A state prison on the east side of Paris, the Bastille, was attacked by an angry and aggressive mob. The prison had become a symbol of the monarchy's dictatorial rule.
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King Louis XVI of France, his queen Marie Antoinette, and their immediate family unsuccessfully attempted to escape from Paris. They were stopped and the king Louis was taken to exile.
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By means of the guillotine was he killed. It was a major event of the Revolution.
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Eli Whitney, inventor of the cotton gin. His invention revolutionized the cotton industry. It allowed cotton to be collected with hundreds less people and more efficiently.
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Napoleon become the emperor of France. France was at war with most of Europe, and Napoleon returned home from his Egyptian campaign to take over the reigns of the French government and save his nation from collapse.
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Russia withdrew from the Continental System. Napoleon prepared to invade Russia in an effort to stop their powers and eliminate the country as a potential threat. They underestimated Russia, who used the Scorched Earth Policy that left no food for them, so they had to go back.
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While in France, he convinced the guards ordered to capture him to join him in his efforts. King Louis XVIII, heard of Napoleon's return and left, leaving the state for Napoleon's taking.
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After Napoleon lost Waterloo he was no longer emperor. Then soon he was exiled to the St. Helena for the things he lied about and tried to get away from.
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Napoleon died after a six year exile in St Helena. They say it was from stomach cancer.
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Dr. William Morton, a Massachusetts dentist, is the first to use anesthesia for tooth extraction. Allows dentistry work to be done far less painfully.
