-
Early 1810
Miguel Hidalgo a mexican priest met Ignacio Allende and then he met Juan de Aldama, Miguel Dominguez, Doña Josefa Ortiz de Dominguez and Marino Galvan. They created the "Literary Club" in which they talked about overthrowing the current government, creating equality between creoles and peninsulares. The attack was set for December 8 1810. -
Period: to
Initiation
This is the beginning of the Independence movement. Miguel Hidalgo with the help of Ignacio Allende and Juan Aldama striked out for independence on September 16 where Hidalgo have the Grito de Dolores. There was also many battles being won and where being successful until they were not successful enough to fully attack Mexico City. Causing Miguel Hidalgo's capturing and later on his execution. -
Marino Galván "the gossiper"
Marino Galván who was in attendance at the "Literary Club" told his superior about the conspiracy and the superior told the audiencia in Mexico City. Spanish authorities later went to the house of Epigmenio Gonzalez in Queretaro where they found arms and ammunitions. They arrested him. -
Grito de Dolores
About 2:00 Am when Hidalgo, Allende and Aldama learned about the arrest of Epigmenio, they decided to strike out for independence. Miguel Hidalgo strucks the bell's church to summon indians, mestizos and pioners. There he gave the famous Grito de Dolores. Because of the success of it, Hidalgo and the other accompanied by the group that had gathered with them, decided to go to San Miguel de Allende where Hidalgo carried a banner with the Virgin of Guadalupe. And ended up taking San Miguel. -
Attacking Guanajuato.
In this day Hidalgo and the others arrived to Guanajuato. Without knowing that the Spaniards were hiding behind the Alhondiga de Granaditas waiting to attack. The first attempt to attack was unsuccessful as many died. Before the second assault they killed Juan Antonio de Riaño and the attackers whose leader was Juan José Martinez "El Pipila" gathered pine torches and set the Alhondiga wooden door on fire. They successfully killed most of the gachupines. -
Battle at Monte de las Cruces
Within a month they had captured Zacatecas, San Luis Potosi, and Valladolid. Hidalgo had formed an army to go an attack Mexico City. Because they had a larger group of people the Spaniards backed down and they won. Hidalgo and Allende had a disagreement, because Hidalgo could have easily attacked Mexico City but he feared for losses during battle and also chaos. -
Capturing the insurgents.
Felix Callejas army captured the insurgents. The Constitution of Apatzingán was created. It was thef first constitution Mexico had, after the persecution of Felix Maria Callejas -
Hidalgo captured and murdered.
After Miguel Hidalgo and his crew was captured by the Spaniards, he was executed. Hidalgo's body was mutilated and they cut their head off, and was placed in Guanajuato for everyone to see as a warning sign for the rebels. -
Period: to
Resistance
Second stage of the independence movement. Because Miguel Hidalgo was executed, Jose Maria Morelos y Pavon was in charge now. The Congress of Chilpancingo occured during this period of time, were they had formally declared independence and created the constitution. -
Jose Maria Morelos
Morelos had to rely on the mestizos, because he couldn't get the criolles support. Later on when we was defending the escape of the insurgent government from loyalist attack he was captured and executed for treason. -
Period: to
Consolidation
The third part of the independence movement. The movement became little more than guerrilla fighting for the next five years. They had two rebel leaders: Guadalupe Victoria in Puebla and Veracruz and Vicente Guerrero in Oaxaca. The insurgents were undefeatable and the royalist troops began to loose hope in winning against mexicans. Viceroy Juan Ruiz de Apodaca offer indulto to whomever laid down his arms(guns). -
Plan de Iguala
Viceroy Apodaca invited Iturbide to discuss offensive plans against Vicente Guerrero and then Iturbide asked Guerrero if they could meet to make peace. Guerrero was not that convince but both of them created the Plan de Iguala in which they formally acknowledge Mexico as independent from Spain. Also promised three things: A constitutional monarchy, Roman Catholic religion would be given a spiritual monopoly, and that creoles and peninsulares would be equal. The Army of the Three Guarantees -
Period: to
Consumation
The end of the Mexican Independence. Agustin de Iturbide joins the other side to fight the spaniards. With the help of Vicente Guerrero they come up with the Plan de Iguala which contained 23 articles, one being that Mexico is now independent from Spain. And also the Treaty of Cordoba was created to finalize this war to independence. -
The end of the Independence.
Plan de Iguala was very successful. Because of it Viceroy Apodaca left and Spain sent Viceroy O'Donoju, O'Donoju later on accepted the Plan de Iguala in the Treaty of Cordoba and recognized Mexico as an independent country ending the war for independence.
