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Period: 1936 BCE to 1939 BCE
Spanish civil war
The Spanish civil war was a warlike conflict that later would also have repercussions in an economic crisis that was unleashed in Spain after the partial failure of the coup d'etat of July 17 and 18, 1936 carried out by a part of the armed forces against the Government of the Second Republic. -
1931 BCE
Proclamation of second republic
The proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic consisted of the establishment on April 14, 1931 of the new republican political regime that succeeded the constitutional monarchy of Alfonso XIII de Borbón, who had been "delegitimized" by having allowed the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera and that he had failed in his attempt to return to "constitutional normality" with the dictatorship of General Berenguer -
Period: 1931 BCE to 1939 BCE
Second spanish republic
The Second Spanish Republic was the democratic regime that existed in Spain between April 14, 1931, the date of its proclamation, replacing the monarchy of Alfonso XIII, and April 1, 1939, date of the end of the Civil War, that gave way to the Franco dictatorship. -
Period: 1923 BCE to 1930 BCE
Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera
The Primo de Rivera dictatorship was the political regime that existed in Spain from the coup d'etat of the Captain General of Catalonia, Miguel Primo de Rivera, on September 13, 1923, until his resignation on January 28, 1930 and his replacement by the "dictablanda" of General Berenguer. It has been considered as "the first authoritative trial of conscious institutionalization of Spanish nationalism" whose instrument was the Army, strongly corporate and militaristic. -
1892 BCE
Bases de Manresa
The Bases for the Catalan Regional Constitution, better known as the Bases of Manresa, are the document presented as a project for the Catalan regional constitution for a presentation by the Catalan Union before the council of representatives of the Catalan associations, meeting in Manresa (Barcelona) on days March 25 and 27, 1892 at the initiative of the Lliga de Catalunya. The Bases of Manresa are usually considered as the birth certificate of political Catalanism -
Period: 1886 BCE to 1831 BCE
Reing of Alfonso XIII
The reign of Alfonso XIII is the period in the history of Spain in which Alfonso XIII of Bourbon reigned, who from the very moment of his birth in May 1886 was already king, since his father Alfonso XII had died five months earlier. During his minority, the Head of State was held by his mother María Cristina de Habsburgo-Lorena as regent until in May 1902 when he turned sixteen years old and swore the Constitution of 1876 began his personal reign that lasted until April 14, 1931 -
Period: 1885 BCE to 1902 BCE
Regency of Maria Cristina
The Regency of María Cristina de Habsburgo is the period of the reign of Alfonso XIII of Spain in which, due to the minority of King Alfonso XIII's age, the head of state was carried out by his mother María Cristina. The regency begins in November 1885 when King Alfonso XII dies, months before his son Alfonso XIII was born, and ends in May 1902 when Alfonso XIII turns sixteen and swears in the 1876 Constitution, thus beginning his personal reign. -
1879 BCE
PSOE
The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) was founded clandestinely in Madrid's Casa Labra tavern in Madrid, on May 2, 1879, around 25 people: 16 typographers, four doctors, a doctor of science, two jewelers, a marble worker and a shoemaker. Headed by Pablo Iglesias, making it the oldest political party in Spain with uninterrupted operation to date. -
1874 BCE
The Sandhurst Manifesto
The Sandhurst Manifesto was a political manifesto signed on December 1, 1874 by the then Prince Alfonso de Borbón (future King Alfonso XII of Spain), while he was in exile. In the document he showed his willingness to become king and supporter of a constitutional monarchy. -
Period: 1874 BCE to 1885 BCE
Reing of Alfonso XII
He was king of Spain between 1874 and 1885. Son of Queen Elizabeth II and King Francisco de Asís de Borbón, when his reign began, the First Republic ended and the Restoration began. After his death at twenty-seven, from tuberculosis, he was succeeded on the throne by his son, Alfonso XIII. -
Teatry of Paris
The Paris Treaty signed on April 18, 1951 between West Germany, Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands, was the treaty that gave rise to what would later become the European Union. The treaty established the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), which later became part, first, of the European Communities and, later, of the European Union. It entered into force on July 23, 1952 and expired on July 23, 2002, -
Period: to
Tragic week of 1909
The events that occurred in Barcelona and other cities in Catalonia between July 26 and August 2, 1909 are known as Tragic Week. The trigger for these violent events was the decree of the Antonio Maura government to send troops from reserve for Spanish possessions in Morocco, at that time very unstable, the majority of these reservists being the parents of the working classes. The unions called a general strike. -
Period: to
The october revolution
The October Revolution, also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution, was the second phase of the Russian Revolution of 1917, after the February Revolution. The date October 25, 1917 corresponds to Julian calendar in force in tsarist Russia, later abolished by the new Bolshevik government. In the rest of the western world, under the Gregorian calendar, the events began on November 7, 1917. -
Period: to
Disaster of annual
The Annual Disaster was a serious Spanish military defeat in the Rif War and an important victory for the Rifians commanded by Abd el-Krim. It occurred between July 22 and August 9, 1921 near the Moroccan town of Annual located between Melilla and the Al Hoceima Bay. -
bombing of Gerninika
The Guernica bombing was an air attack carried out on the civilian population of this Spanish population on April 26, 1937, during the Spanish civil war, by the German Condor Legion and the Italian Legionary Aviation, which were fighting in favor of the side revolted against the government of the Second Spanish Republic. Current estimates of casualties put the deceased in a range that ranges from 120 to 300 deaths, one hundred and twenty-six according to the most recent and comprehensive study. -
the end of civil war
Ending almost three years of conflict, the civil war between the Republican side and the rebel side (formed by the Spanish Falange and other conservative groups), ended on April 1, 1939 with the victory of the national side with General Francisco Franco to the head. The victory of the rebel side -or national side- led, therefore, the consequent implantation of the dictatorship of Francisco Franco; a dictatorship that would remain in Spain until the day of his death, on November 20, 1975.