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The reign of Charles IV
In this period of time Spain was inmersed in a huge crisis.
The crisis includes political problems, economic problems and social problems. http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/portales/reyes_y_reinas_espana_contemporanea/carlos_iv_biografia/ -
Charles IV
The government was not important for him, because he was only interested in the hunting. Because of this, the queen had “the total control” of the country. To see him in more detail: https://thebiography.us/en/carlos-iv-rey-de-espanna
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-IV-king-of-Spain -
French Revolution
The French Revolution was a watershed event in modern European history that began in 1789 and ended in the late 1790s with the ascent of Napoleon Bonaparte. During this period, French citizens redesigned their centuries-old institutions such as absolute monarchy and the feudal system. The upheaval was caused by widespread discontent with the French monarchy and the poor economic policies of King Louis XVI, who met his death by guillotine, as did his wife Marie Antoinette. -
French Constitution
The current Constitution of France was adopted on 4 October 1958. It is typically called the Constitution of the Fifth Republic, and it replaced the Constitution of the Fourth Republic, of 1946. Charles de Gaulle was the main driving force in introducing the new Constitution and inaugurating the Fifth Republic, while the text was drafted by Michel Debré. Since then, the Constitution has been amended twenty-four times, through 2008. -
Conde Aranda
His mision was to save Luis XVI in France, but finally he could not. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pedro-Pablo-Abarca-de-Bolea-conde-de-Aranda https://www.unveilingmemories.com/people/el-conde-de-aranda -
Treaty of Fontainebleau
It was a treaty in which Napoleon and Godoy reparts the territory of Portugal between the French people and the Spanish people. https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/fontainebleau-treaty-1807 -
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Abdications of Bayonne
The Abdications of Bayonne is the name given to a series of forced abdications of the Kings of Spain that led to the “Spanish Independence War”, which overlaps with the Peninsular War. The failed El Escorial Conspiracy preceded the Mutiny of Aranjuez, which forced King Charles IV to abdicate the throne to his son Ferdinand VII in 1808 by order of the Spanish Royal Council. Ferdinand VII also abdicated later that year. -
The bourgeoisie
The society of the Ancient Regime was structured in classes and based on the principle of economic, politic and legal inequality. However, this society started to crack with the appearance of the bourgeoisie which claimed people’s equality under the law. -
Working class
In this class entered the mayority of the population (80%). They lived in the rural areas and had a very low level of live, always depending of the owners of the land they worked.
With the process of industrialization, a huge number of peasants emigrate to the cities looking for work on the factories. -
Begging of the War of Independence
It was an unfair war, because french people were soldiers and majority while the Spanish people were common people without any previous experience in combat. https://www.britannica.com/event/Peninsular-War -
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War of independence
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Manuel Godoy
He was not a noble and his family was in the low class. In fact, he was bad looked by the nobles and the villagers.
His promotion was very fast, because he was the lover of the queen (Maria Luisa).
He was a close friend of Napoleon. Because of this, they tried to fight England, which was in that time one of the strongest empires in the world. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Manuel-de-Godoy
https://www.culturaydeporte.gob.es/fragatamercedes/en/historia/personajes/godoy-biografia.html -
Courts of Cadiz
They convene important people from all the autonomous communities to be representatives and to help in the creation of the Constitution of 1812. https://second.wiki/wiki/museo_de_las_cortes_de_cc3a1diz -
Constitution of 1812
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Duration of the Constitution of 1812
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“La Pepa”
It was a symbol of liberty and it was inspired in the French constitution in 1791, but more advanced.
The War of Independence blocked it’s application.
Fernando VII abolished this Constitution in 1814. https://www.andalucia.com/history/la-pepa.htm -
The reign of Ferdinand VII
Ferdinand was the son of Charles IV and Maria Luisa of Parma, who placed their whole confidence in Manuel de Godoy. From 1795 Godoy had flaunted the title of prince of the Peace for his capitulation to France in the Peace of Basel. Ferdinand’s tutor stirred up his jealousy and encouraged him to seek the protection of Napoleon. When Godoy allowed French troops to enter Spain, Charles was overthrown by the Revolt of Aranjuez (March 17, 1808), and he abdicated in favour of Ferdinand. -
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Absolutist sexino
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Military upraising
Colonel Rafael del Riego led a large part of the Spanish army in a mutiny, demanding that the liberal Constitution of 1812 be restored. King Ferdinand VII agreed, but secretly asked for aid from the Congress system which, in the Congress of Verona of 1822, agreed to have France send 100,000 troops, which promptly defeated Riego's forces and reinstalled an absolute monarchy. This period was known as the Trienio Liberal.
