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Quito
first call for independence -
The May Revolution.
The independence of Argentina is declared during the May Revolution. -
The USA and Great Britain clash in the War of 1812.
the United States against the United Kingdom and its Canadian colonies that developed between 1812 and 1815. The confrontations took place by land and by sea. -
The arrival of the French Mission to Rio de Janeiro
From 1815, during the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte, in France great political emigrations took place, this period being known as the Restoration. The following year in 1816 a group of artists and craftsmen linked to Napoleon arrived in Brazil, who introduced the neoclassical style of painting to the country. -
Argentine general José de San Martín wins the battle against the Spanish army and liberates the city of Santiago, Chile.
They won the battle of the Spanish army and liberated the 2 cities. -
Simón Bolívar, called “El Libertador”, leads the invasion of New Granada
Simón Bolívar, called "El Libertador", leads the invasion of New Granada (now Colombia) and liberates it from Spanish rule, to later become its first president. Later, Bolívar was to defeat the Spanish army in Venezuela, Ecuador and Peru. -
The Catholic priest Don Miguel Hidalgo
The war ends with the recognition of Mexico as an independent state that shares a monarch with Spain. -
Prince Pedro of Portugal declares the independence of Brazil and becomes Emperor Pedro I.
Pedro I of Brazil and IV of Portugal was a Portuguese monarch. He proclaimed the independence of Brazil and became the first emperor of Brazil and the first head of state of that country. He briefly held the Portuguese throne under the name of Pedro IV, the Soldier King. -
The US establishes the Monroe Doctrine
The US establishes the Monroe Doctrine, a foreign policy that declares that both North and South America will henceforth be closed to European colonizing expansion and that any effort by European countries to interfere with the territories of the American continent will be viewed by the USA as an act of aggression. -
Bolivia, which was originally part of the Peruvian territory, declares itself an independent country.
Alto Perú is the River Plate denomination of origin used during the last decades of the dominion of Spain to refer to the geographical and social environment of much of present-day Bolivia. The term was identified with the last jurisdictional district of the Real Audiencia de Charcas, called the province of Charcas. -
Montevideo gives rise to Uruguay as an independent country
The Montevideo Treaty gives rise to Uruguay as an independent country and ends the twelve-year conflict between Brazil and the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata in present-day Argentina. -
Democracy is established in Mexico with the election of its first president.
Democracy is established in Mexico with the election of its first president, Guadalupe Victoria. Slavery is outlawed. -
Emperor Pedro I of Brazil abdicates and returns to Portugal
Emperor Pedro I of Brazil abdicates and returns to Portugal; he names his 6-year-old son as his successor. Brazil was to be ruled by regents until 1841, when the prince was crowned Pedro II at the age of 15. -
The first modern factory in Latin America is built
The first modern factory in Latin America is built, a textile factory that ran on hydraulic energy near Puebla, Mexico. -
French artist Félix-Emile Taunay is appointed director of the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts in Rio de Janeiro
The French artist Félix-Emile Taunay is appointed director of the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts in Rio de Janeiro, a position he was to hold for 20 years. -
Two armed uprisings in Upper and Lower Canada
Two armed uprisings in Upper and Lower Canada break out due to frustration with political reform and the desire to acquire greater autonomy from the British Empire. -
The First French Intervention in Mexico
It explodes due to demands that the Mexican government pay France 600,000 pesos for the damage caused to a French pastry chef's shop that was looted by a group of Mexican officials between 1838 and 1839. -
British cartoonist Frederick Catherwood and American writer John Lloyd Stephens travel to Yucatán and Central America
British cartoonist Frederick Catherwood and American writer John Lloyd Stephens travel to Yucatán and Central America; publish their illustrated book Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas, and Yucatan. In 1843 they also published Incidents of Travel in Yucatan. Both publications fuel international interest in Mayan culture and ruins. -
The United States of America and Mexico engage in battle.
The United States of America and Mexico engage in battle due to the US Intervention in Mexico. What is now California and much of the Southwest are ceded to the United States because of this war between 1846-1848. -
Gold is discovered in Coloma, California.
Gold is discovered in Coloma, California, sparking the California Gold Rush and attracting 300,000 people to California and its surrounding western regions.
