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The Spirit of the Laws is a book on political theory published anonmously by Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu in 1748 with the help of Claudine Guérin de Tencin.
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The Social Contract argued against the idea that monarchs were divinely empowered to legislate; as Rousseau asserts, only the people, who are sovereign, have that all-powerful right.
it also helped inspire politicsl reforms or revolutions in Europe,especially in France. the book was by JEAN-Jacques Rousseau -
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In Revolutionary France, the Legislative Assembly votes to abolish the monarchy and establish the First Republic. The measure came one year after King Louis XVI reluctantly approved a new constitution that stripped him of much of his power.
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Coup annuls results of legislative elections, removes two directors from power
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an angry mob storms the bastille to gain weapons they take the priosn and kill the comandor beginning the great fear.
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louisxviii ruled 11 April 1814 – 20 March 1815
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evidence of Louis' counterrevolutionary intrigues with foreign nations was discovered, and he was put on trial for treason. In January 1793, Louis was convicted and condemned to death by a narrow majority.
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"Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen of 1793" was never officially adopted
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Louis XVI is executed
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He returned to Corsica and came into conflict with Paoli, who had decided to split with France and sabotage the French assault on the Sardinian island of La Maddalena in February 1793.
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Reign of Terror begins, when Robespierre declares Terror "the order of the day."; lasts more than ten months
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moderates freed many of the Jacobins’ prisoners, neutralized the power of the Committee for Public Safety, and had many of Robespierre’s cohorts executed in a movement that became known as the Thermidorian Reaction.
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After becoming first consul in February 1800, he reorganized his armies and defeated Austria.
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In 1802, he established the Napoleonic Code, a new system of French law, and in 1804 he established the French empire. By 1807, Napoleon's empire stretched from the River Elbe in the north, down through Italy in the south, and from the Pyrenees to the Dalmatian coas
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He died most likely from stomach cancer.
he was 51 years old when he passed away. -
He spent the early years of the Revolution in Corsica, fighting in a complex three-way struggle among royalists, revolutionaries, and Corsican nationalists.
