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Spain is an ally of France who fights with Great Britain for economical and territorial leaderships , and therefore, Spain will fight against Great Britain in this war that will make Spain lose 600 ships as well as the fight.
https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=video&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwiykovUibbsAhXd8OAKHeWwAz0QtwIwAXoECAcQAg&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.trafalgareditions.com%2Ftienda%2Fjuegos%2Fnavios-de-linea-trafalgar-1805%2F&usg=AOvVaw0xoqVqXUncApYPeWq1Ev85 -
A contract is signed by Godoy and Napoleon in order to conquer Portugal and divided between both countries, Spain and France. Nevertheless, Napoleon will have his own strategy as he later tries to conquer not only Portugal but also Spain, betraying Spain.
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After the French invasion all the royal family traveled to the south but they stayed in Aranjuez a couple of days. Due to the discontent of the people and the incompetence of the king at that time, Fernando VII will encourage Carlos IV to leave him the throne with the support of the city.
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Fernando VII is pressured to recognize Carlos IV as the legitimate king but Carlos IV abdicates giving his throne to Napoleon who assigns the responsibility to his brother , Jose Bonaparte I. The real throne is given to Jose Bonaparte I and the Spanish kings stay in Bayona.
https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=video&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwiFgu2_ibbsAhWMMBQKHcpMCpcQtwIwAHoECAQQAg&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D-rEH_MlJhhc%26vl%3Den&usg=AOvVaw11IJizhEaafDnGbizJBFbt -
Spain was fighting against the French invasion and at the same time with itself as two different bands were created, the fernandinos and the French. Those supporting liberalism were the French and fought against the fernandinos which were the majority.
https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=video&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwitnbrkhJ3sAhULkRQKHVwAClUQtwIwAHoECAEQAg&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DM9phd8FU6IA&usg=AOvVaw0RGG9f-Gb5p5TdopGY1p7J -
During the Independence war the central supreme was created with the objective of implementing liberalism and to govern the country. In 1810 they will create Las Cortes de Cadiz which in 1812 will create the first constitution ever in Spain.
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Fernando VII returns to Spain
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After Fernando VII came back to Spain, the political situation was dictated by the Constitution of 1812 which reduces the power that Fernando VII held. Consequently, he decided to use his power as king and dictaminate the abolition of the constitution and the courts of Cádiz. The Old Regimen was back in Spain.
https://historicodigital.com/el-sexenio-absolutista.html -
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After the absolutist period, the liberals recurred some reforms and as a consequence Fernando VII was encouraged to sign and proclaim the rule of the Constitution of 1812. This period n which the Constitution was established only lasted for 3 years known as the Trienio Abolsutista.
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With the support of Los cien mil hijos de San Luis, a French military, Fernando VII was able to take down the liberal government of 1820-1823 and absolutism was again established.
https://www.ocesaronada.net/quien-fueron-los-cien-mil-hijos-de-san-luis/ -
Fernando VII had difficulties having children; therefore, he passed the Pragmática Sanción de 1789 in which it abolish the Ley Sálica, which did not allow women to be queens.
https://www.euskalmemoriadigitala.eus/handle/10357/5672 -
This pragmatic sanction was highly risky as it led to confrontation with his brother Carlos Maria Isidro who was willing to go on war to obtain the throne, as with this law he would have been king of Spain as women were not allowed to be queen.
https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwj_0fDyhrbsAhWnD2MBHSAKCtIQFjAFegQIChAC&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdescubrirlahistoria.es%2F2014%2F01%2Fla-pragmatica-sancion-y-las-guerras-carlistas%2F&usg=AOvVaw3irojIw9uuyNoMbFG0noqr -
The birth of the first child of Fernando VII was an important event as it establishes the problem of descent of the monarchy of Spain.
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3 years after Isabel II was burned, Fernando VII died. Isabel II was only 3 years old and she was unable to govern the country. As a consequence, her mother, Maria Cristina, will be the queen of Spain until Isabel had 18 years old.
http://www.congreso.es/portal/page/portal/Congreso/Congreso/Hist_Normas/PapHist/Regen/RegMCris -
Maria Cristina was searching for allies in order to win the Carlistas war. Nevertheless, in order to obtain the loyalty of moderate liberates she had to passed the Estatuto Real, a liberalism constitution.
http://www.cepc.gob.es/docs/constituciones-espa/1834.pdf?sfvrsn=2 -
The Estatuto Real will not be successful as it was not really liberal , therefore, in 1837 , a constitution more similar to the Constitution of 1812 will be created. One of the most important laws of this constitution is the individual rights as well as the national sovereignty.
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After winning the Carlistas war, the general Espartero took the power and started a liberal government. However, the constant fights between Spanish people will make impossible for his government to be successful.
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