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Weakened Spains economy - lost many valuable artistans and bussiness people
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Phillip II sent an army to the Spanish Duke of Alva to punish the rebels. The duke then killed 1,500 suspected Protestants and suspected rebels
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Philip launched attack on Queen Elizabeth, who supported Protestant subjects, but was defeated
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Seven northern provinces united and declared independence from Spain
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King Philip II seized the Portugese Kingdom
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Is often called the birth of the modern European novel.
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Dutch had 4,800 ships to help with trade and dominate Indian Sea as well as Indian Ocean trade.