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The Sandhurst manifesto
The Sandhurst Manifesto was a manifesto of a political nature signed on December 1, 1874 by the then Prince Alfonso de Borbón (future King Alfonso XII of Spain), while he was in exile. In the document he showed his willingness to become king and supporter of a constitutional monarchy. -
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The Bourbon Restoration
The Bourbon restoration is the name given to the period that began on 29 December 1874 — after a coup d'état by Martínez Campos ended the First Spanish Republic and restored the monarchy under Alfonso XII — and ended on 14 April 1931 with the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic. -
Constitution of 1876
The Spanish Constitution of 1876 was promulgated on June 30, 1876 by Antonio Cánovas del Castillo and was the basis of the Bourbon Restoration. -
Foundation of the PSOE
The Spanish Socialist Workers Party is a Spanish political party that is situated in the center-left of the political spectrum. -
Bases de Manresa
The Bases for the Catalan Regional Constitution is the document presented as a project of the Catalan regional constitution for a presentation by the Catalanist Union before the council of representatives of the Catalan associations, meeting in Manresa (Barcelona) on the days March 25 and 27, 1892 at the initiative of the Lliga de Catalunya. The Bases de Manresa are usually considered as the "birth certificate of political Catalanism", at least that of conservative roots. -
Foundation of PNV
The Basque Nationalist Party, officially Euzko Alderdi Jeltzalea-Basque Nationalist Party, is a political party created in 1895 of Basque nationalist, liberal and Christian democratic ideology, which is situated between the center and the center-right of the political spectrum. -
The war between Spain and USA
The Spanish-American War was a military conflict that confronted Spain and the United States in 1898, the result of the American intervention in the Cuban War of Independence. -
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The reign of Alfonso XIII
During his reign, Spain experienced four very important problems that would end the liberal monarchy: the lack of true political representation of broad social groups, the terrible situation of the popular classes, the problems derived from the Rif war. and Catalanism. This political and social turbulence that began with the disaster of 98 prevented the turnista parties from achieving a true liberal democracy, which led to the establishment of the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera. -
The Algeciras Conference
The International Conference of Algeciras took place in the Spanish city of Algeciras between January 16 and April 7, 1906. The objective of the conference was to solve the so-called First Moroccan Crisis that faced France with Germany. -
The Tragic Week of 1909
Tragic Week (25 July – 2 August 1909) was a series of violent confrontations between the Spanish army and anarchists, socialists and republicans of Barcelona and other cities in Catalonia, Spain, during the last week of July 1909. It was caused by the calling-up of reserve troops by Premier Antonio Maura to be sent as reinforcements when Spain renewed military-colonial activity in Morocco on 9 July, in what is known as the Second Rif War. -
Disaster at Annual
The Annual Disaster was a serious Spanish military defeat in the Rif War and an important victory for the Riffians led by Abd el-Krim. It occurred between July 22 and August 9, 1921, near the Moroccan town of Annual -
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Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera
La dictadura de Primo de Rivera fue el régimen político que hubo en España desde el golpe de Estado del capitán general de Cataluña, Miguel Primo de Rivera, el 13 de septiembre de 1923, hasta la dimisión de este el 28 de enero de 1930 y su sustitución por la «dictablanda» del general Dámaso Berenguer. -
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The Second Republic
o Reformist Biennium (1931 – 1933)
o Conservative Biennium (1933 – 1936)
o The Popular Front (February – June 1936) -
Municipal elections of 1931
The municipal elections of April 12, 1931 took place on this date and determined the advent of the Second Spanish Republic. -
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The Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War was a civil war in Spain fought from 1936 to 1939. Republicans loyal to the left-leaning Popular Front government of the Second Spanish Republic,fought against an insurrection by the Nationalists, an alliance of Falangists, monarchists, conservatives and traditionalists, led by a military group among whom General Francisco Franco soon achieved a preponderant role. The Nationalists won the war, which ended in early 1939,and ruled Spain until Franco's death in November 1975. -
The bombing of Guernika
The bombing of Guernica (26 April 1937) was an aerial bombing of the Basque town of Guernica (Gernika in Basque) during the Spanish Civil War. It was carried out at the behest of Francisco Franco's rebel Nationalist faction by its allies, the Nazi German Luftwaffe's Condor Legion and the Fascist Italian Aviazione Legionaria, under the code name 'Operation Rügen'. The operation opened the way to Franco's capture of Bilbao and his victory in northern Spain.