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In the Roman Republic, laws were created by elected representatives. Roman armies were very powerful and they conquered many people and lands.
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Alexander the Great is the son of King Philip of Macedonia. Alexander set out to conquer the world and brought Greek ideas and culture to the lands he conquered.
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The Greek Empire was centered around the Mediterranean.
It was made up of several city states, the most famous being Athens and Sparta. -
The Roman civil wars ended with Octavian becoming head of the roman empires. He was Julius Caesar's nephew. His reign began 200 years of peace and growth called Pax Rominia.
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They were holy wars between Christians and Muslims. Christian crusaders fought to take Jerusalem from the Muslims.