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The type of change in early hunter-gatherer societies was generally slow. In the video about the Origins of Agriculture it stated that our ancestors were hunter-gatherers up until 10 - 15,000 years ago. This suggests that the pace of change was slow. Although it can also be described as rapid. There were periods of rapid change such as the innovation of agriculture. In the concept map I demonstrated how there were many changes that the agriculture revolution brought about and their rapid growth. -
A significant turning point in this time period was the development of agriculture. With hunter-gatherers being able to domesticate plants and animals they were able to settle down and eventually create civilizations. Hunter-gatherer groups started to change and evelutionize into civilizations that lived in city states.
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The Code of Hammurabi represents a turning point for Babylonian society as this law code was the clearest and most inclusive code in history. The author believes that the Code influenced future codes and set a base for law in our modern society. He says "Hammurabi's law code thus set the standard for future codes in dealing strictly with the evidence of the crime and setting a specific punishment for that crime". I agree with the author as the Code of Hammurabi influences our legal system today. -
As the ruler who established the code Hammurabi's perspective is evident. The code illustrates his efforts to create a legal system for his kingdom. The code also contains references to gods and divine power showing the era's religious beliefs. It implies that religious values have an impact on the judicial system. The Code's loudest voice is Hammurabi as the code reflects his power. Presentism to avoid when analyzing the Code is imposing modern ethical or legal standards on the ancient text.
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One specific factor that led to the Roman Empire's decline was external invasions. The Barbarian Invasion for example was an event that caused great distress for the Empire. The Roman Empire made alliances with certain Barbarian groups to boost their military strength but the Barbarians turned on the Romans and attacked them. In 410 CE the Visigoths attacked Rome followed by the Vandals attack in 455 CE. These invasions weakened the Empire and marked the decline of the Grea Roman Empire. -
The intended consequence was an alliance with the Barbarians to control and manage the Barbarians and boost military strength. The unintended consequences are that the Romans did not expect the Barbarians to revolt. Despite making an alliance with the Barbarians and attempting to manage them the Barbarians planned invasions and weakened the borders and defences of Rome. I can tell because the Roman Empire did not anticipate and want an attack that could potentially destroy their civilization
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Al-Mansur founded Madinat as-Salam, a royal city and the new imperial residence, in 762. Later on, this city developed into the hub of Baghdad, the imperial capital. Al-Mansur is often regarded as the actual founder of the Abbasid dynasty. Baghdad quickly made a reputation for itself as a center of learning and everything Islamic. The development of this city represented a turning point as it stabilized this civilization and fostered cultural, scientific, and economic advancements. -
Al-Mansur, the second Abbasid Caliph, established Baghdad as the center of the empire. Born in 687-688, he succeeded his brother and reigned from 757-775. Baghdad became a hub for knowledge and Islamic culture, with Al-Mansur's legacy of scholarship affecting the Muslim community and the world. Al-Mansur had a significant impact on the development of the Abbasid dynasty and was a notable person who profoundly impacted the Golden Age of Islam.
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The Hammurabi Code had a lasting legacy. The Code had effects on numerous city-states and kingdoms, like helping keep many civilizations stable and less prone to criminal activity. The Code is an ancient legal system that has influenced many modern legal systems. The Code's principles are still used today, like the term 'innocent until proven guilty'. The Code says, "that in order to find someone guilty of a crime, evidence needs to be gathered and proof established". -
The invasions and the civil wars collectively worked to disrupt and weaken the empire over half a century. Many regions had been devastated, and many important cities had been pillaged or destroyed by the Barbarians. During the crisis, the emperor either concentrated his forces on defending one point while inviting an attack on another. These invasions had a negative impact --which was unpredictable at the time-- and brought the Roman Empire to its destruction. -
The city that Al-Mansur founded -Baghdad- is now the capital city of Iraq. It is situated in the center of ancient Mesopotamia, on the Tigris River, some 330 miles from the Persian Gulf's headwaters. Baghdad is the most populated urban area in the Middle East and the largest city in Iraq. Founded in 762 as the capital of the Abbasid dynasty, the city was one of the biggest cities in the world and the most important cultural center of Arab and Islamic culture for the following 500 years. -
The Okiek peoples of Kenya are hunter-gatherers that still exist today. They were skilled users of poisoned arrows, traps, and snares in hunting a variety of wildlife. Beekeeping was also a well-known skill of theirs. The Okiek were relocated to the edge of the forest by British colonial authorities, which prevented them from engaging in the majority of their hunting activities and forced them to engage in agriculture.