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The Magna Carta was agreed upon by King John of England. The agreement was meant to allow the people of England basic rights that the king could not take away. The king signed this agreement because of the pressure of barons in his land that were unhappy with his rule.
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Parliament includes representatives of many towns and regions of England and Wales as well as nobles. This was the beginning of the model that would generally be followed by England's Parliament.
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As king, Henry V acknowledged that Parliament's consent was necessary in the creation of new laws. This gave Parliament more power, diminishing the power of the king, as he had to be regulated by Parliament and needed them to consent to his ideas, such as laws.
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This document was written in response to unfair taxation and treatment by the king. It declared four statements that the king could not act against including no quartering of troops and the king can't impose taxes without Parliament's consent.
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In the Civil War, supporters of King Charles I fought the volunteer army of the Parliament. This was due to issues of religious intolerance and the governing of the king. In the end, Charles was captured, judged, and executed, and his son was exiled. England was then instead ruled by Oliver Cromwell.
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King James was known for abusing his power as king, leading to revolution against him. He eventually fled England for safety in France and Parliament declared he had abdicated the throne. During his reign, it was finally evident that Parliament had grown to have more power than the king.
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Together, Queen Mary II and King William III ruled in a joint monarchy and gave Parliament a more important role in the government. They gave Parliament even more power, diminishing their own power. They agreed to the English Bill of Rights, giving specific civil rights to the people of England.
