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Rome became a republic when the Romans overthrew their Etruscan conquerors in 509 BC. The Etruscans had ruled over the Romans for hundreds of years. Once they were free they established a republic.
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Rome mainly expanded at the end of the Punic Wars in 146 BC. The Punic Wars extremly helped rome in their expansion on the peninsula. When Rome won these wars they got land and a tribute from the Carthaginians.
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Julius Caesar was an ambitious military commander. He completed the conquest of Gaul.
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Augustus Caesar fought to avenge the assassination of Julius Caesar. In 31 BC he defeated Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium.
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It is said that rome got too big and this is why the republic ended. It was bad for them to be big because when they sent off their soldiers for long periods of time they became more loyal to their commander than Rome.
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During the Pax Romana rule brought peace, order, unity, and prosperity. During this time roads were maintained and protected. Roman fleets also chased off pirates.
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It is said that Jesus taught many different parables. He also encouraged and taught the ten commandments. Jesus believed in one god.
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The general Constantine gained the throne in 312 AD and died in 337 AD. He granted tolerance to Christians. He also renamed the old city of Byzantium to Constantinople.
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Constantine changed the name of the old city of Byzantium to Constantinople. In 284 AD the Roman emperor Diocletian decided to divide the empire into two to make it easier to govern.
