ROMAN LAW

By nuriaescuredo
  • Period: 284 to 565

    Dominate period

    The power concentration was in the emperor that control every field and prometes imperial enactments (constitutions). The senate promotes senatus consulta and patrician promotes plebiscite-ae.
    There were some general law as orations ad senatum and edicta. There were some special laws: decreta, mandata, rescripta and adnofatio, they were used to solve problems. And we can delighted some particular complications of two lawyers: Codex Gregorianus and Hermogenianus.
  • Period: 284 to 305

    Diocletian

    He was the second emperor, who tried to solve the crisis of the Dominate. He made some reforms, the most important was the territory organization.
  • Period: 330 to 330

    Constantine, The Great

    The situation of Rome was difficult. The biggest problem that ended with the fall of Rome, was the barbarians invasion, barbarians were the people who lived out of the roman frontiers.
  • Period: 395 to 1453

    The Eastern Roman Empire

    The Eastern Roman Empire is also known as the Byzantine Empire. The situation was completely different. It is capital was in Constantinople. They had rich libraries for example Alexandria Berytus. At this time, Justinian realize its roman law compilation.
    Justinian´s legislation didn't have succeed because of the extraneous to local costumes but it finally had succeed in the sixth century. The main problem was that Byzantines didn't understand books written in latin, so they used translations.
  • Period: 395 to 476

    The Western Roman Empire

    It existed intermittently in several periods. There were anthologies and epitomes, people and jurists used the interpretatio for better understanding law. An anthology as law was The Roman of the Visigoths, used in other lands. The legal cultural was in crisis. Because of the devastating situation, law was simple, it was summarize. For solving problems they used their costumes so the role of jurists wasn´t necessary. Justinian legislation didn't have succeed because of extraneous to kingdoms.
  • Period: 418 to 509

    Visigoths Empire. Foedus

    Visigoths lived out of the roman frontiers, they lived in Toulouse, France. But in 509, they were defeated by the francos , so they moved to Hispania with their capital in Toledo, in order to helped the Roman Empire, they made an alliance called Foedus, We can delighted, Aquitania in 418, between Walia and Honorio, when Visigoths and romans worked together against those barbarians who lived in the north of Spain.
  • Period: 466 to 484

    Euric

    He was the first king that reduce laws preserved by the tradition to writing. This was known as Vulgar Roman Law. And the Code hasn't been preserved entirely so we only conserved some fragments.
  • 476

    The end of the Roman Empire

    The end of the Roman Empire
    Finally, barbarians entered into the Roman Empire, as consequence that was the ended of the Roman Empire, the western part.
  • Period: 484 to 507

    Breviary Alaric II: Lex Romana Visigothorum

    When the Visigoth Empire was independent, Alaric II was the first king, that approved in bishops assemblies ande representatives of the king. This contains, leges (imperial constitutions) and iura (replies by classical jurists). There are sources like, Codex Theodosianus, Epitome Gai, Sententiae of Paulus, Libri responsorum of Papiniano, Codex Gregorianus and Hermogenianus. And the only text for trials, Commonitorium. They used the interpretatio for clarifying law.
  • Period: 527 to 565

    Justinian

    Justinian born in the modern Serbia. He made an important work of roman compilation. He had three important aspects:
    - He tried to the compound the different parts of Rome.
    - He tried to recovered the religious peace, but he didn't have succeed.
    - And the most important was to tried to restore old roman law, so he prepared a compilation of law ,divided in 4 parts: Codex, Digests, Instituta and Novellae.
  • Period: 568 to 586

    Leovigild

    He was a Visigoth king, who strengthening the royal power using the plenitude potestasis. He made a territorial unification, defeat of the Suevi and the Byzantines. At this time, it was made the Codex Revisus in order to review the Code of Euric, they didn't survive laws appeared In the Liber Iudiciorum with the inscription "antiquae".
  • Period: 653 to 672

    Reccesvinth

    He was a Visigoth king. He made a set of laws promulgated by several Visigoths kings , under the name of Liber Iudiciorum, this laws were apply for everybody and was a text for trials. It was remained till Early Middle Ages.
  • 711

    The end of the Visogths Empire

    The end of the Visogths Empire
    Finally barbarias entered in the Roman Empire and disappeared, so the Visigoth Empire was totally independent. Its Empire ended because of the entered of muslims into the Peninsula.
  • Period: 1001 to 1100

    11th Century

    In the first half: the society was divided in three groups: those who pray, those who fight and those who labour. Legal professionals weren't in this framework. The rest activities like craft and commerce were excluded, everything was under god wishes.
    In the second half: everything changes, the intention is to recover that law. The society follows the feudalism. They appeared new techniques because manual and professional operations were overthrown. Now, the role of jurists is again important.
  • Period: 1001 to 1200

    The Renaissance, Gregory VII and Gelasius I

    Gregory VII, was the pope n157. He made a reform in the canonical life following the dictates papae. The biggest problem was between the emperor and the pope. Now, we have two powers, civil and canonical power. Gelasius I, was the pope n49, he made the two swords theory, the difference between them, it was that the church had more dignity, it saved souls (fifth century). They were used some Justinian legislative texts: Excepciones Petris & Expositivo ad Librum Papiensem.
  • Period: 1100 to 1200

    12th century, Irnerius

    At this century, towns are new forms of political power. They are characterized because they promote freedom so people move from the countryside to the cities in order to buy and sell their products.
    Irnerius was an Italian jurists, founder of the Bologna School. He thought that the solution for legal problems was into the roman law. Now, we can talked about Corpus Iuris Civilis. The Bologna School or "School of Glossators", they used a technique called "gloss".