Roman empire

Rise of Christianity in the Roman Empire

  • Roman Rule of Israel (starting)
    63 BCE

    Roman Rule of Israel (starting)

    • Lasted from 63 BC to 313 CE.
    • Land became a province of Rome
    • Romans suppressed Jewish beliefs, angering the Jews, so they revolted, but it failed (66 CE)
    • Remaining Jewish outposts were overtaken, and Jerusalem was destroyed
    • Jews were devastated at the loss of Jerusalem, and the ones living there were sold into slavery
    • In 132 CE, Jews revolted again and retook Jerusalem and Judea
    • 3 years later, they were retaken by Romans
    • Jewish religion survived despite their constant struggles
  • Jesus of Nazareth
    1 CE

    Jesus of Nazareth

    • Born in Bethlehem
    • Conceived by Mary, the heavenly mother
    • Descended from Heaven to help humans
    • He was the messiah and savior
    • Offered salvation and knowledge
    • Purified and saved humans from sin with his love
    • Made death powerless
    • Died on the Cross to express his love and the prospect of eternal life
  • Paul of Tarsus
    2

    Paul of Tarsus

    • Born in 2 CE, was an influential figure in Christianity
    • Unified and outlined the direction that the church was going, set up christian principles
    • He emphasized and believed in the idea that salvation is a matter of faith, not religious traditions and rituals
    • Was Jewish, and persecuted Christians along with the rest of the Romans
    • Received a vision of Christ and became a faithful devotee
    • Vision : Christ asking Paul why he was persecuting the Christians. This led to Paul's faithfulness
  • The Great Fire of Rome
    64

    The Great Fire of Rome

    • Started in the Circus Maximus
    • Lasted six days
    • 70% of Rome was destroyed
    • 10 out of the 14 districts burned
    • Nero blamed the fire on Christians (but it is possible that Nero started it)
    • Citizens believed that Christians started the fire, giving them a bad reputation
    • Certain people possibly empathized with the Christians from this event for being misunderstood
    • People didn't want to become Christian
    • Christians met secretly to avoid punishment
    • Not much spread in the religion
  • Perpetua
    202

    Perpetua

    • A girl martyred in Carthage
    • Was young, married, healthy, and had a infant child
    • Arrested for being Christian
    • Her family attempted to disconnect her from the faith, but she refused
    • Had a vision of a ladder leading up to heaven, filled with traps and dangers, but she made it
    • Lost hope in her mortal life and was killed by a beast in prison
    • She left her child to her family
    • She imagined that her fight with the beast would be, in reality, against the devil, and that she would win
  • Constantine the Great
    272

    Constantine the Great

    • Lived from February 27, 272 - May 22 337
    • Emperor of Rome
    • Led in the Battle of Milvian Bridge
    • Before the battle, he had a vision of the cross presenting that he will be victorious if he follows the sign
    • Constantine placed crosses on his men's shields
    • Claimed his victory was because of the power of God and Christians
    • Supported Christianity
    • Legalized the religion(Edict of Milan)
  • Great Persecution of 303 CE
    303

    Great Persecution of 303 CE

    • 19th year of Diocletian's reign
    • Order to raze churches and burn Scriptures
    • If Christians professed their faith, they would lose their freedom
    • An attempt to destroy the Christian religion, but they persevered and Christianity eventually spread
    • The religion was kept underground and secret for many years
    • After 80 years of persecution, Christians were finally able to rebuild their churches
  • Battle of Milvian Bridge
    312

    Battle of Milvian Bridge

    • Constantine (40,000 men ) vs Maxentius(100,000 men)
    • A civil war between emperor canidates
    • Maxentius aimed to fight of Constantine's seige, but were defeated
    • They tried to escape across the Milvian Bridge, but it was crushed under the weight of his troops
    • Before the battle, Constantine ordered his troops to bear the sign of Christ on their weapons, and they ended up victorious
    • Led to Constantine's rise to power and him supporting Christianity and allowing it to spread
  • Edict of Milan
    313

    Edict of Milan

    • Agreed between Licinius Augustus and Constantine
    • Christianity became a legal practice
    • Christians received unrestricted religious worship without punishments
    • Allowed to worship publicly and without restraint
    • Aimed to give rights of dignity and religion to all religions to better Rome (to not anger whatever deities that possibly exist)
    • Spread the Christian religion, as the religion didn't need to stay underground and secret anymore, and there were no repercussions to the practice.
  • Emperor Theodosius
    346

    Emperor Theodosius

    • Born at Cauca, Spain in 246 CE
    • Ruler of Rome
    • Persistent in making Nicene Christianity the primary religion of most Christians in the middle ages
    • Made Christianity the religion of the state, destroying paganism and spreading Christianity
    • He put his personal and family interests before the interests of the rest of the Roman populace, so two civil wars ensued, which were the beginning of the fall of Rome.

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