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Haitian Revolution
Saint Domingue was the first Latin American territory to free itself from European rule, which is now known as Haiti, the third of the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean Sea. While the French Revolution was taking place, oppressed people in the French colony of Haiti rose up against their French masters. French troops landed in Saint Domingue to remove Toussaint from power. In May, Toussaint agreed to halt the revolution if the French would end slavery. (Textbook) -
Latin American Wars of Independence (North, Simon Bolivar)
Bolivar's native Venezuela declared its independence from Spain in 1811, and there was so many struggle. His army of revolutionaries had suffered numerous defeats, he had to go to exile twice. There was a turning point in August of the year 1819. About 2,000 soldiers was led on a daring march through the Andes into what is now Colombia. Had took the Spanish army in Bogota in surprise and won a decisive victory. Had won Venezuela's Independence. (Textbook) -
Mexican War of Independence
Many events that have happened in Mexico took many other turns when a revolution in Spain put a liberal group in power. They feared the loss of their privileges in the Spanish-controlled colony, they united in support of Mexico's independence from Spain. Proclaimed independence in 1821. In 1821, several Central American states declared their independence from Spain - and from Mexico as well. (Textbook) -
Brazilian Independence
Brazil's quest for independence was unique because it occurred without violent upheavals or widespread bloodshed. A member of the Portuguese royal family actually played a key role in freeing Brazil from Portugal. Napoleon's armies invaded both Spain and Portugal, his aim was to close to the parts of these countries to British shipping. King John planned to make Brazil a colony again, but many Brazilians couldn't accept. In 1822, creoles demanded Brazil's independence from Portugal. (textbook) -
Latin American Wars of Independence (South, San Martin)
Martin's Argentina had declared its independence in 1816. Spanish forces in nearly Chile and Peru still posed a treat. Led an army on a grueling march across the Andes to Chile. Was joined by forces led by Bernardo O'Higgins, son of a former viceroy of Peru. He needed a much larger force to drive the remaining Spanish forces out of the Lima. In this last major battle of the war of independence, the Spanish colonies in Latin America won their freedom. -
Greek Revolution
Greeks are the most powerful European governments opposed revolution. The cause of Greek independence was popular with people all around the world. The Russian felt a connection to Greeks Orthodox Christians, who were ruled by the Muslim Ottomans. Europeans and Americans loved and respected ancient Greek culture. A popular support for Greece grew, the powerful nations of Europe took the side of the Greeks. Signed a treaty guaranteeing an independent kingdom of Greece. (textbook) -
Italian Unification
Italian nationalists looked for leadership from the kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia, the largest and most powerful of the Italian states. It had adopted a liberal constitution in 1848, the liberal Italian middle classes, unification, which seemed like a good plan. Victor Emmanuel II, named Count Camillo di Cavour as his prime minister. Worked tirelessly to expand power. A combined French-Sardinian army won two quick victories. Succeeded taking all of northern Italy, expect Venetia. (textbook) -
German Unification
Prussia was ready to unify all the German states. Prussia had enjoyed several advantages that would eventually help it forge a strong German state. Unlike the Austroalism Hungarian Empire, Prussia had a mainly German population. Nationalism actually unified Prussia. Prussia's army was the most powerful in central Europe. German got Unification with Prussia leading them. (textbook) -
Romanticism
