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Romanticism
This was a time period in the late 18th century. This was a after the Enlightenment. There was more culture for the arts. It was an artistic movement in France and in Britain as well. It was an opposition part towards Neoclassicism. -
Haitian Revolution
In 1791, the slaves from the Western Hemisphere had decided to rebel against slavery and French control over the colony. This rebellion idea came from a former slave Toussaint l'Overture. The French was sent to look for L'Overture and he was taken away and died there in 1803. That's when one of his generals(Jean-Jacques Dessalines) led the Battle of Vertieres November 18, 1803 where the French lost. On January 1, 1804, that's when Haiti was declared independent. -
Latin American Wars of Independence
In the late 1700s (during the 300 years of Spanish rule) their discontent was more in the social, racial, and political system. Peninsulares were under control of their government and economy. There were angry Mestizos because they got denied from wealth, and power that was available for whites. -
Latin American Wars of Independence (cont.)
Back in 1740, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela were grouped together. On July 20, they got rid of the Spanish officials (Napoleon's Puppet King). Colombia got their Independence from Spain first but not yet for Ecuador and Venezuela. That was until 1810 when they all had independence. -
Mexican War of Independence
In September 16, 1810, that's when the Mexican War of Independence began. That's when their country was no longer under their Spanish rule. Because Napoleon already occupied Spain, it caused revolts across Spanish America. Miguel Hidalgo and Costilla (father of Mexican Independence), went with his army and defeated at Calderon January of 1811. 1820, liberals took power in Spain and when that happened, it made them promise Mexicans for their own independence. -
Greek Revolution
In 1821, there was a rebellion of Greeks towards the Ottoman Empire. The rebellion took place in Moldavia with 4500 Hellenes led by General Alexander Ypsilantis. Another person who took part in the revolution was Lord Byron in 1823 but then died because of him getting a disease. -
Italian Unification
During the 19th century (1861), began the movement for Italian Unification. This was because of Congress who divided the territory during the Napoleonic Wars. There was an Italian patriot named Guiseppe Mazzini. He helped out by trying to make Italy independent. In the France-Prussian War, Italian troops withdrew his troops from Rome and Italians moved in and got their independence on October 1870. -
German Unification
Prussia controlled the German land. Prussia did commit and try to have Germany united. In July 1870, France had declared war on Prussia. When they got into war, France lost and Prussia declared to a German Empire (Second Reich) on January 21, 1871. -
Brazilian Independence
In 1815, King Dom Joao, made his son Dom Pedro (prince) which meant he would govern Brazil in the King's place which he then was. September of 1821, Brazil was put in political subordination. Pedro had to go back to Europe for courts that his father made. He then came back telling them that they were broken from Portugal.
